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Nascent Nationalism

Nascent Nationalism. American themes in American writing (James Fenimore Cooper) U.S. textbooks & painters focus inward North American Review (1815) Bank of the U.S. rechartered (1816) national capital grows army expanded to 10,000 navy again whips North African pirates (1815).

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Nascent Nationalism

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  1. Nascent Nationalism • American themes in American writing (James Fenimore Cooper) • U.S. textbooks & painters focus inward • North American Review (1815) • Bank of the U.S. rechartered (1816) • national capital grows • army expanded to 10,000 • navy again whips North African pirates (1815)

  2. The American System Henry Clay’s plan for the United States: 1) Strong banking system with easy credit 2) protective tariff (Tariff of 1816 first ever for protection, not revenue) 3) a network of roads and valleys in the Ohio territory (Erie Canal, 1825)

  3. The So-Called Era of Good Feelings • James Monroe elected president to continue Virginia Dynasty (1816) • Monroe’s goodwill tour of country (1817) • an able administrator in a time of growth • internal improvements and sales of public lands are hotly contested • increasing sectionalism • slavery issues

  4. The Panic of 1819 and the Curse of Hard Times • overspeculation out West leads to first economic crisis since Washington administration • foreclosure of “wildcat” banks leads to western distrust of the U.S. Bank • economic distress sows the seeds of Jacksonian democracy

  5. Growing Pains in the West • 9 frontier states added (1791-1819) • Cumberland Road and steamboats promote western expansion (1811) • Land Act of 1820 allows purchase of 80 acres of virgin land for $1.25 an acre

  6. Slavery and the Sectional BalanceThe Uneasy Missouri Compromise • Missouri is admitted as a slave state (1820) • Maine is admitted as a free state to maintain sectional balance in the Senate (1820) • 36* 30’ line extends West to prevent future conflicts • President James Monroe is re-elected (1820)

  7. John Marshall and Judicial Nationalism • McCulloch v. Maryland confirms implied powers (1819) • Cohens v. Virginia confirms Supreme Court right to review state Supreme Courts (1821) • Gibbons v. Ogden confirms Congress’ national supremacy to regulate commerce (1824)

  8. Judicial Dikes Against Democratic Excesses • Fletcher v. Peck upholds land rights over popular pressures (1810) • Dartmouth College v. Woodward rules the Constitution protects contracts against state encroachments (1819) • conservative Chief Justice John Marshall and Daniel Webster promote nationalistic philosophies

  9. Sharing Oregon & Acquiring Florida Treaty of 1818 with Britain 1) allows Americans to share Newfoundland fisheries 2) fixes vague northern limits of Louisiana at 59th parallel 3) provides for 10-year joint occupation of Oregon Florida Purchase Treaty of 1819 1) Andrew Jackson exceeds his mandate 2) cedes Florida to U.S.

  10. The Menace of Monarchy in America • encroachments of Russia and Spain on outskirts of America • some Americans fear the survival of the republic

  11. Monroe and His Doctrine • encouraged by Secretary of State John Quincy Adams • a stern warning to European powers supporting noncolonization and nonintervention • warned European powers about expanding their holdings • issues to Congress December 2, 1823

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