1 / 29

Chapter 1 Introduction to Chemistry

Chapter 1 Introduction to Chemistry. Milbank High School. Section 1.1 Chemistry. OBJECTIVES: Define chemistry and differentiate among its traditional divisions. Section 1.1 Chemistry. OBJECTIVES: List several reasons to study chemistry. What is Chemistry?.

roch
Download Presentation

Chapter 1 Introduction to Chemistry

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. Chapter 1Introduction to Chemistry Milbank High School

  2. Section 1.1Chemistry • OBJECTIVES: • Define chemistry and differentiate among its traditional divisions.

  3. Section 1.1Chemistry • OBJECTIVES: • List several reasons to study chemistry.

  4. What is Chemistry? • The study of “matter”, its composition, properties, and the changes it undergoes. Everyday life? • Applied Chemistry- is using chemistry to attain certain goals, in fields like medicine, agriculture, and manufacturing • Pure chemistry- gathers knowledge for the sake of knowledge

  5. 5 Major Areas of Chemistry • Analytical Chemistry- concerned with the composition of substances. • Inorganic Chemistry- primarily deals with substances without carbon • Organic Chemistry- essentially all substances containing carbon • Biochemistry- Chemistry of living things • Physical Chemistry- describes the behavior of chemicals (ex. stretching)

  6. Chemistry is • central to modern science, and to almost all human endeavors. • important to all sciences - biology, geology, physics, engineers, etc. • a natural science. • a language with its own vocabulary. • a way of thinking.

  7. Why Study Chemistry? • everyone and everything around us involves chemistry • What in the world isn’t Chemistry? • helps you make choices • possible career for your future • used to attain a specific goal • Do you remember “pure” and “applied” chemistry?

  8. Section 1.2Chemistry Far and Wide • OBJECTIVES: • Summarize ways in which chemistry affects your daily life.

  9. Section 1.2Chemistry Far and Wide • OBJECTIVES: • Describe the impact of chemistry on various fields of science.

  10. Chemistry Far and Wide • Materials- perfume, steel, ceramics, plastics, rubber, paints, nonstick cooking utensils, polyester fibers • Energy- greater demands • conserve it, or produce more • fossil fuels, solar, batteries, nuclear (don’t forget pollution!)

  11. Chemistry Far and Wide • Medicine and Biotechnology- • vitamin C, penicillin, aspirin • materials for artery transplants and hipbones • Human Genome Project • bacteria producing insulin • cloning

  12. Chemistry Far and Wide • Agriculture- world’s food supply • plant growth hormones • ways to protect crops • disease resistant plants • The Environment- both risks and benefits involved in discoveries • carbon dioxide, ozone, warming

  13. Chemistry Far and Wide • Astronomy and Space Exploration- • composition of the planets • analyze moon rocks • planet atmospheres • life on other planets?

  14. Section 1.3Thinking Like a Scientist • OBJECTIVES: • Describe the steps involved in the scientific method.

  15. Section 1.3Thinking Like a Scientist • OBJECTIVES: • Distinguish between a theory and a scientific law.

  16. The Scientific Method • A logical approach to solving problems or answering questions. • Starts with observation- noting and recording facts • hypothesis- an educated guess as to the cause of the problem, or a proposed explanation

  17. Scientific Method • “controlled” experiment- designed to test the hypothesis • only two possible answers • hypothesis is right • hypothesis is wrong • Generates data observations from experiments. • Modify hypothesis - repeat the cycle

  18. Cycle repeats many times. • The hypothesis gets more and more certain. • Becomes a theory • A thoroughly tested model that explains why things behave a certain way. Observations Hypothesis Experiment

  19. Theory can never be proven- due to new information • Useful because they predict behavior • Help us form mental pictures of processes (models) Observations Hypothesis Experiment

  20. Another outcome is that certain behavior is repeated many times • Scientific Law is developed (math?) • Describes how things behave • Law- tells how • Theory- tells why Observations Hypothesis Experiment

  21. Theory (Model) Modify Prediction Experiment Law Observations Hypothesis Experiment

  22. Section 1.4How to Study Chemistry • OBJECTIVES: • Explain why learning chemistry requires daily effort.

  23. Section 1.4How to Study Chemistry • OBJECTIVES: • Describe the importance of writing in the study of chemistry.

  24. How to Study Chemistry • Understanding and Applying Concepts • requires effort on your part • read materials carefully • take thorough notes you can use • study often and effectively • quiet, well-lit, remove distractions

  25. How to Study Chemistry • Understanding and Applying Concepts • chemistry has a language of it’s own, so learn the vocabulary • look around you, and make the connection to the level of atoms and molecules

  26. How to Study Chemistry • Using Your Textbook • name chemical compounds • write chemical formulas • interpret graphs • techniques to solve problems • Use your Teacher and Textbook!

  27. How to Study Chemistry • Using Your Textbook • take good notes • solve Practice Problems • read, keeping objectives in mind • Student Study Guide (p. 24) • section summaries; Key Terms

  28. How to Study Chemistry • On Your Own • go beyond the textbook • make flashcards • reread and rewrite notes • quiz yourself and classmates • form a study group • ASK, ASK, and ASK

  29. How to Study Chemistry • Tests and Quizzes • cramming never a good idea • set aside a certain amount of time every day • get enough rest daily; nutrition • read tests carefully / thoroughly • do easy problems first • show work, and evaluate answer

More Related