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The Cell

The Cell. You are made of trillions of cell. As we study cells, remember this important truth:. If your cells aren’t happy, YOU aren’t going to be happy!. The cell is the basic unit of life. Cells are classified into two main groups. The first group are prokaryotic cells. .

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The Cell

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  1. The Cell

  2. You are made of trillions of cell.

  3. As we study cells, remember this important truth:

  4. If your cells aren’t happy, YOU aren’t going to be happy!

  5. The cell is the basic unit of life.

  6. Cells are classified into two main groups.

  7. The first group are prokaryotic cells.

  8. Prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus. They have a nucleoid (resembles a nucleus).

  9. They are very small and simple cells.

  10. Prokaryotic cells are single-celled organisms.

  11. Some examples of prokaryotic cells:

  12. Bacteria (Kingdom Monera) Source: greenfacts.org

  13. Prokaryotic cells resemble the earliest cells found on Earth. Source: Discover West Tours, Australia

  14. The second group are eukaryotic cells.

  15. Eukaryotic cells are very complex.

  16. They are much larger than prokaryote cells.

  17. Eukaryotes can be either single- or multi-celled.

  18. They also have organelles (little organs).

  19. Examples include: Plant cells Animal cells

  20. How did we learn about the cell?

  21. Robert Hooke discovers the cell in 1678 Robert Hooke(?) Source: University of St. Andrews

  22. Anton van Leeuwenhoek Source: University of California Paleontology Museum

  23. Anton van Leeuwenhoek Greatly improved the microscope (1680). Discovered microorganisms.

  24. Matthias Schleiden Plants are made of cells (1838).

  25. Theodor Schwann Animals are made of cells (1839).

  26. Rudolph Virchow Cells can only come from other living cells.

  27. Schleiden, Schwann, and Virchow’s work lead to the development of cell theory.

  28. Cell Theory All living things are made of cells.

  29. Cell Theory Cells are the basic unit of life.

  30. Cell Theory Living cells can only come from other living cells.

  31. Structure of the cell

  32. A cell is made of organelles. (Organelle – “little organ.” )

  33. Each organelle has a special function that keeps the cell running.

  34. Nucleus The nucleus is the brain of the cell. It controls what everything that happens in a cell.

  35. Cell Membrane It is the gateway of the cell. It controls what goes into and out of the cell.

  36. Cell Membrane Controlling what goes in and out of the cell is called Selective Permeability.

  37. Organelle responsible for digestion.

  38. Lysosome Contains enzymes that help break down chemicals into forms that can be used by the cell.

  39. Organelles that manufacture

  40. Smooth ER (Endoplasmic Reticulum) Manufactures lipids (fats) and other products needed by the cell.

  41. Golgi Body Manufactures lysosomes. Manufactures other complex molecules and packages them in vesicles.

  42. Nucleolus Located in the nucleus. Responsible for the manufacture of ribosomes.

  43. Ribosomes Manufacture proteins needs by the cell.

  44. Organelles that provide power

  45. Mitochondria Takes nutrients and provides energy for the cell.

  46. Organelles that provide power and are found only in plant cells

  47. Chloroplasts The food producer for the plant cell. Takes water, CO2, and sunlight to produce sugar (food) and O2 as a waste product.

  48. Organelles that provide power support

  49. Cell Membrane Surrounds the cell and helps maintain the shape of the cell.

  50. Cytoplasm Helps the cell keep its shape and protects the cell. Cell organelles are found in the cytoplasm.

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