Asian Migrations 2; 1300-1750

1. Asian Migrations 2; 1300-1750 Group 4: Yesenia Acevedo Tenitsa De la Cruz NataschaLaudenberger Tonya Ilgenfritz Tykey Collins

2. Safavid Empire, Persia, 1400-1700 • In the thirteenth century the Mongols and Turks first devastated and then repopulated Persia. • First the invaders systematically exterminated the populations of the cities. • Others hearing of the killings (massacres) left. • The Mongols and Turks then settled on that land.

3. By the end of the century, the invaders began to assimilate Persian ways, rebuilding the cities, redeveloping the irrigation works, supporting trade, and adopting both the religion of Islam and the culture of Persia. • In 1370, the successor, Timur the Lame came to power (Mongols). • With this further set of invasions turkish people came to constitute about ¼ of Iran’s population.

4. Culturally, some of the Turks as well as other ethnic groups in Iran later came to accept the military religious teachings of Shaykh Safi al-Din. The followers claimed political as well as the religious authority. • In 1502, a disciple of the teachings of Safi Shah Isma’il declared himself the hidden Iman. He proclaimed himself the Shah of Iran.

5. Shah Abbas built up the military capacity of the country. He imported European weapons, equipment, and advisors. He also built muskets and artillery that were capable of matching the Ottomans. • He also bought slaves from Georgia, Armenian merchants as well as many artisans, including ceramicists who could make Chinese porcelains.

6. By the end of the 17th century, the Safavid army was unraveling, its central administration was failing regional powers were reasserting themselves, and Iran was in anarchy. Iran was moving towards partition first internally and later at the hands of Europeans and Russians.

7. China, 1300-1750 • Invasions of the Chinggis Khan in 1211 • Conquered China and destroyed Song dynasty. • Yuan dynasty was established and was taken out after one century by the Ming dynasty. • Population was growing rapidly. • Great Wall was rebuilt by the Ming

8. China was conquered by invaders in 1644 again and the Qing dynasty was established. The Manchu’s thought of the Chinese as less and did not take them into much consideration. That along with natural disasters and failure of irrigation system led to a dramatic decrease in populatu=ion

9. Qing expanded China more then double the size geographically. Negotiation of treaty made trade easier (Chinese-European- Treaty of Nerchinsk) Population began to grow again because of the introduction of new crops from the New World. Sweet potatoes Irish potatoes Maize (Corn)

10. Question A: What Factors led to population growth in the Safavid Empire and China After the Mongol and Turk invasion they began to assimilated Persian ways, rebuilding cities, redeveloping the irrigation works supporting agriculture and trade. Including the silk routes to China and adopting both the religion of Islam and the culture of Persia.

11. The Qing dynasty expanded the borders of China to double its size geographically. Introduced new crops into China from the New World.

12. Question B: Compare and Contrast the Safavid Empire and China The Persian’s settled on the land and began to rebuild. Adopted both the religion of Islam and Persian culture. The Safavid had trouble bringing diverse people of Iran together.

13. In 1211 Chinggis Khan invaded and conquered China. In the 1600’s China’s economy was growing. In 1644 China was conquered again by Jurchen.

14. The End