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Study of Life Themes ppt by Kim Foglia with modifications by J. Coleman

Study of Life Themes ppt by Kim Foglia with modifications by J. Coleman. Themes. Science as a process of inquiry questioning & investigation Evolution Energy transfer Continuity & Change Relationship of structure to function Regulation Interdependence in nature

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Study of Life Themes ppt by Kim Foglia with modifications by J. Coleman

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  1. Study of Life Themes ppt by Kim Foglia with modifications by J. Coleman

  2. Themes • Science as a process of inquiry • questioning & investigation • Evolution • Energy transfer • Continuity & Change • Relationship of structure to function • Regulation • Interdependence in nature • Science, technology & society

  3. Science as a process of inquiry

  4. Science as a process of inquiry • Built on repeatable observations & testable, falsifiable hypotheses

  5. Charles Darwin Evolution • Core theme of biology • Connects EVERYTHING…

  6. "Nothing in biology makes sense except in the light of evolution." -- Theodosius DobzhanskyMarch 1973 Geneticist, Columbia University (1900-1975)

  7. Natural selection • Evolutionary change is a product of the process of natural selection Organisms don’t adapt; Organisms haveadaptations.

  8. Evolution explains unity & diversity • Unity • what do organisms have in common & why do similarities exist? • common biochemistry & physiology • evolutionary relationships • connected through common ancestor • Diversity • but why are there differences? • natural selection • adaptations allow different individuals to survive in different environments

  9. Organizing systems • Making sense out of the diversity • Hierarchical scheme Eastern gray squirrel Sciurus carolinensis

  10. 3 Domains of Life Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya Bacteria Archaea Eukarya

  11. Continuity & change • Continuity of life is based on heritableinformation in the form of DNA • DNA – the genetic material – carries biological information from one generation to the next • Cornerstone of evolutionary change as well T R A I T You can make more,a lot like you!

  12. Energy transfer • It takes ENERGY to keep stuff from falling apart! • At the cellular level • Photosynthesis - harvest • Respiration - use • At the ecosystem level • Energy Flow • sun > producers > consumers • Nutrient Cycling • Materials used to build bodies go round ‘n round…. nutrients ENTROPY RULES! DECOMPOSERS RULE, too!

  13. Energy Harvesting and Nutrient Cycling… You think they’re eating…They’re actually harvestingenergy and cycling nutrients!

  14. Form follows function • The alignment of structure & function is seen at all levels of biology organ organism organelle cell

  15. Regulation • Organisms need to maintain a “steady state” in the face of changing conditions • maintain homeostasis • achieve this through feedback • monitor the body like a thermostat • turn on when it’s needed, off when its not

  16. Regulation • But individual organisms are not the only biological entities that regulate… • Entire ecosystems undergo regulation as well • Predator / prey relationships • Nutrient cycling • And this leads us to….

  17. Interdependence • No organism is an island standing alone • communities, ecosystems

  18. Science, technology & society • Science & particularly technology profoundly change society • TV, computers, cell phones, DNA technologies, medicine… • Science & technology must function within the rules of society • ethics

  19. Themes • Science as a process of inquiry • questioning & investigation • Evolution • Energy transfer • Continuity & Change • Relationship of structure to function • Regulation • Interdependence in nature • Science, technology & society

  20. Why study themes of Biology? • Biology is an ever expanding body of knowledge • too much to memorize it all • need to generalize • create a framework upon which to organize new knowledge • themes are the key to understanding the true nature of living organisms • DON’T drown in the details!

  21. ANY QUESTIONS?

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