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Composting toilet and greywater practice workshop. WCOWMA 2016. Introductions. Ian Ralston ROWP Eng.L Ed Hoeppner ROWP. Workshop content. Overview Composting toilets Walk through of Manual standards Example sizing and selection Greywater systems Walk through of Manual standards
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Composting toilet and greywater practice workshop WCOWMA 2016
Introductions • Ian Ralston ROWP Eng.L • Ed Hoeppner ROWP
Workshop content • Overview • Composting toilets • Walk through of Manual standards • Example sizing and selection • Greywater systems • Walk through of Manual standards • Example sizing and selection • Example sizing of residual organic matter onsite burial
Purpose of the Manual • Standards and guidelines • Filing approach For: • Non water borne waste management • Greywater systems • Seasonal diversion systems • Source separation systems
Filing under the SSR • Composting toilet systems • On site burial of composting toilet residual organic matter • Greywater systems • Seasonal diversion systems for greywater sub surface irrigation
Manual approach • Based on SPM, does not repeat SPM • Split to standards and guidelines • Separate rationale • Performance objectives • Appendices • EMPHASIS ON OPTIONS
Manual layout • Part A Introduction • Part B Standards • Composting Toilets • Greywater systems • Part C Guidelines • Sections parallel Part B • Part D Appendices
MCTGP Source separated waste systems
Typical sanitary drainage and sewerage systems • Water closets for human waste • Plumbing fixtures • Combined sanitary drainage system • To onsite sewerage system • No intentional recycling of resources
Composting toilets • Composting toilets for human waste • Urine diversion or leachate • Plumbing fixtures • Greywater • Intentional recycling of some resources
MCTGP Composting toilets
B-1 Standard sections • Procedure • System purpose and objectives • System capacity • System selection • Specification and installation • Residual organic matter processing • Discharge of residual organic matter • Maintenance
B-1.2 Procedure • Similar to SPM • Minimum steps for planning, filing, construction, final filing • Clarifies “DDF” • Uses SPM equivalent DDF to determine cut off for ROWP practice
B-1.3 System purposes and objectives • Similar to SPM objectives for systems • Important to support alternative solution • System must meet primary purposes
Primary purposes • Safely collect and contain human waste • Manage odors and prevent vector or human access during storage • Manage leachate and safely discharge leachate or diverted • Provide for safe and practical management of residual organic matter.
Secondary objectives (e.g.) • Volume or mass reduction • Stabilization for transport • Stabilization and sanitizing for onsite “discharge”
B-1.4 System capacity • Volume of excreta • Volume of bulking agents • Volume of leachate or diverted urine
B-1.5 System selection • To meet the primary objectives • To meet the secondary objectives • Record rationale = how it meets
B-1.6 Specification and installation • Page 30 • Similar to SPM II-6 standards tables • Some performance specifications • Several tables • Table B-3 (general) applies to all
B-1.7 Residual organic matter processing • Page 33, tables, application based on fate of residuals • Incineration • Curing • Sanitizing • pH adjustment • Urea and ammonia sanitizing
Solvita • Test kit for measuring CO2 and Ammonia
B-1.8 Discharge of residual organic matter • Page 37 • Off-site discharge • On-site burial • On-site surface discharge (professional), in guideline
On-site burial • Processing standards • Quality standards • Monitoring standards • AP involvement • Intended to meet SPM performance standards
B-1.9 Maintenance • Page 40 • Health and hygiene (handling) • Maintenance plan • Minimum maintenance standards table
MCTGP Selecting and sizing a composting toilet system
Stepwise procedure (Part B-1) • Define objectives: • Primary objectives • Determine discharge method • Site use and waste characterization • Site and soil evaluation (if needed) • System selection, specification, size • Discharge and maintenance • Documentation
Example system • 2 bedroom house, 100 sqm floor area • 3 occupants • Owner objectives defined
Primary purposes • Safely collect and contain human waste • Manage odors and prevent vector or human access during storage • Manage leachate and safely discharge leachate or diverted urine • Provide for safe and practical management of residual organic matter.
Secondary objectives • Diversion of urine for fertigation use • Stabilization and sanitizing for On site burial
Discharge • Determine discharge method • Leads to requirements for system and process
Characterize Wastes • SPM equivalent DDF (from SPM) • 1000 L/day • System capacity (page 29)
B-1.4 System capacity • Volume of excreta • Volume of bulking agents • Volume of leachate or diverted urine
Bulking agent • Minimal for urine diverting system • Urine diversion efficiency (C-1.4.2.2) • Other systems, C-1.4.4 (page 57):