Company Overview

1. Phytech Ltd. - CROP GROWTH CONTROL Company Overview

2. Phytech Ltd. - CROP GROWTH CONTROL PhyTech • PhyTech is a leader in Crop Monitoring. • We have commercially available, patented, field proven new products desperately needed on a global basis. • We moved from mainly R&D to a global marketing stage.

3. Phytech Ltd. - CROP GROWTH CONTROL Background • Headquartered in Israel • Established in 1998 by Kibbutz Yad-Mordechai. • 20 Employees. • Leading research company in Agricultural Crop Monitoring. • International level advisory board. • Sales in more than 30 countries world wide.

4. Phytech Ltd. - CROP GROWTH CONTROL What we do? We develop crop monitoring solutions that improve crop sustainability, yield and quality.

5. Phytech Ltd. - CROP GROWTH CONTROL Problems in Agriculture

6. Phytech Ltd. - CROP GROWTH CONTROL Problem Summary • Land and water limitations • Increasing pollution due to indiscriminate irrigation • Poorly controllable sustainability and profitability • Lack of an on-line information channels about the current crop status. Disconnected character of the existing information sources. The Problem

7. Phytech Ltd. - CROP GROWTH CONTROL The Solution PhyTech has developed and manufactured proven solutions addressing all four needs mentioned

8. Phytech Ltd. - CROP GROWTH CONTROL The Needs • Tailored soil and crop management to fit the specific conditions found within a plantation or agricultural field (Precision Agricultural). • Precise control of crop water status and growth in order to provide timely and discriminate application of water with fertilizers and other controllable factors • Ability to observe instantly and remotely the current crop status as well as its recent trend • A single computerized on line information channel, which replace a variety of disconnected information sources about the current crop status and growth.

9. Phytech Ltd. - CROP GROWTH CONTROL The Product – PhyTalk system The Solution

10. Phytech Ltd. - CROP GROWTH CONTROL sample plants crop yield Stress! Intelligent Products – Application Techniques 1) Remote decision support 2) Detecting physiological disorders WARNINGS 3) Trial-and-errortesting of new regimes or treatments The Solution

11. Phytech Ltd. - CROP GROWTH CONTROL Products – PhyTalk Radio Sensors • Plant sensors • Fruit growth • Stem growth • Stem diameter • Sap flow rate • Leaf temperature • Environmental • Solar radiation • Air temperature • Air humidity • Wind speed • Soil moisture

12. Phytech Ltd. - CROP GROWTH CONTROL

13. Phytech Ltd. - CROP GROWTH CONTROL Products – PhyTalk Software Graphical Software • Multi-axis charts • Shows both measured and derived calculated variables • Presents both instant and daily average values

14. Phytech Ltd. - CROP GROWTH CONTROL Patented Patent pending Intellectual Property Status

15. Phytech Ltd. - CROP GROWTH CONTROL Uniqueness of the Product • The result of interdisciplinary R&D works, carried out by outstanding experts on many crops during many years. • Almost every component has a certain advantage over commercial analogs. • Some sensors and software have no commercial analogs. • Complex combination of hardware, software, application techniques, and know-how. This allows to attribute the product to the category of on lineinformation and decision-support system for crop growing.

16. Phytech Ltd. - CROP GROWTH CONTROL The Market –Landscape Advantages Some solutions developed by Phytech The Market

17. Phytech Ltd. - CROP GROWTH CONTROL PhyTech Advantages • Proven success in the field for many years • Our products are commercially available. • Our products and approach are well known and established. • Focus on the needs of the users. • Experienced crop monitoring involvement.

18. Phytech Ltd. - CROP GROWTH CONTROL Summary • Proven technology • Proven economical model • Wide base of pleased customers • Extensive data from real crops • Solutions and agronomical support available directly from Phytech experts.

19. Phytech Ltd. - CROP GROWTH CONTROL Avocado After years of practice in avocado we realize that dendrometers give the most accurate and up-to-date picture of the tree's water status in avocado. Growers that integrate dendrometer data, with soil moisture and climate parameters, have the optimal information platform to understand and to react to the tree's needs. What is a Dendrometer ? Dendrometer - an electronic sensor mounted on the trunk of the tree and allows for continuous monitoring of changes in its trunk radius. Plant growth and water plant balance affect diurnal behavior of trunk radius. The growth rate depends on a vegetation stage and state, climatic conditions and soil moisture levels . The diurnal variations represent mostly fluctuations of water content in the plants. Daily contraction amplitude Amplitude and trends of such variations is proportional to water deficit. Thus, the daily contraction amplitude (DCA) and trend of growth may be used as a criterion for scheduling of irrigation.

20. Phytech Ltd. - CROP GROWTH CONTROL Dendrometer on trees trunk

21. Phytech Ltd. - CROP GROWTH CONTROL Two parameters are commonly used for evaluating plant water status: daily contraction amplitude (DCA) and trend of daily growth. Daily contraction amplitude (DCA) Trend of daily growth

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23. Phytech Ltd. - CROP GROWTH CONTROL

24. Phytech Ltd. - CROP GROWTH CONTROL

25. Phytech Ltd. - CROP GROWTH CONTROL Effect of irrigation frequency on trunk behavior Hass trees, Kibbutz Ramat Hashofet, Israel Daily Irrigation Irrigation twice a week Two irrigation regime in subsequent years, in the same plot: 2009 – irrigation twice a week, 2010 – daily irrigation

26. Phytech Ltd. - CROP GROWTH CONTROL Irrigation in the winter period predication graph without irrigation Comparison of variants with epizodical watering at February 4, against the variant without irrigation (waiting for the rain) shows the possible loss of the fruit diameter of about 0.25 mm in 2-3 days.For several months, this situation could be repeated many times. The loss of the fruit can reach a diameter of several millimeters.

27. Phytech Ltd. - CROP GROWTH CONTROL Correlation between fruit weight and diameter Loss of the fuit diameter as a result of inaccurate irrigation in winter and at other periods of the year may reach a few millimeters. Fine-tuning irrigation by phytomonitoring technology prevents unwanted loss of growth of the fruit. The effectiveness of fine-tuning irrigation can be determined by the correlation between weight of the fruit and its diameter. Simple calculations show that in obtaining the additional increase in the fruit diameter even 3 mm, yield can increase in the range from 150 to 400 kg from one dunam. In most cases, it ranges from 10 to 20% of the total yield.

28. Phytech Ltd. - CROP GROWTH CONTROL Mango

29. Phytech Ltd. - CROP GROWTH CONTROL Mango

30. Phytech Ltd. - CROP GROWTH CONTROL Mango trunk diameter growth in unstable climatic condition Ramat Magshimim, Mature trees, Shelli varieties

31. Phytech Ltd. - CROP GROWTH CONTROL Two principal calculation of trunk diameter daily contraction (DCA): Base reference line using and traditional calculation (Max-Min)

32. Phytech Ltd. - CROP GROWTH CONTROL Two principal calculation of trunk diameter daily contraction: Base reference line using (blue line) and traditional calculation (Max-Min, red line)

33. Phytech Ltd. - CROP GROWTH CONTROL Persimmon • Phytomonitoring observations were carried out on • Triumph variety in ten orchards • Beit Oren, 2003-2008 • Tel Nof , 2002-2006 • Hosen, 2002-2008 • Kfar Hitim, 2003-2005 • Sde Nizzan, 2004-2007 • Gan Efraim (Beit Ariza Mor Perot Hasharon), 2010-2011 • Malkia, 2010-2011 • Zrifin (Pri Or Mehadrin), 2002-2008 • Nordia (2004-2007) • South Africa (2005-2007)

34. Phytech Ltd. - CROP GROWTH CONTROL • Objectives: • Determination of the characteristic periods of plant growth and development • Determination of the Phytomonitoring indices for adjusting irrigation regimes in every particular period • Recommendation for application in irrigation practice Phytomonitoring may help to answer the following questions: • When to start irrigation season • How to irrigate at air drought (‘khamsin’) • How to adjust irrigation during every characteristic period of the growth season • How to irrigate after harvest

35. PHYTOMONITORING™ in CROP GROWTH CONTROL Adjustment of irrigation schedule:Seasonal shape must be taken into consideration! Fruit Trunk

36. PHYTOMONITORING™ in CROP GROWTH CONTROL BUDBRAKE BLOOM FRUITSET FRUIT GROWTH RIPENING Typical seasonal growth curve and characteristic periods • IRRIGATIONTASK • Irrigation start • Meet increasing demand in water • Meet increasing demand in water • Adjustment • Adjustment -10% irrigationwater Norm +10-15%irrigationwater Norm • PLANT • STATUS • INDEX • Trunk growth rate • Trunk growth rate(basic) • Fruit growth rate(auxiliary) • Trunk growth rate • Fruit growth rate • Fruit growth rate

37. PHYTOMONITORING™ in CROP GROWTH CONTROL Irrigation adjustment Three treatments with difference irrigation According water demand +12% water for all treatments -10% water for all treatments 100% 120% 80 %

38. PHYTOMONITORING™ in CROP GROWTH CONTROL Cultar

39. PHYTOMONITORING™ in CROP GROWTH CONTROL Fruit diameter open field and net house comparison (Bet Oren 2007)

40. PHYTOMONITORING™ in CROP GROWTH CONTROL Fruit diameter and weight

41. Crop irrigation coefficient and running total amount of water PHYTOMONITORING™ in CROP GROWTH CONTROL

42. PHYTOMONITORING™ in CROP GROWTH CONTROL Irrigation norm and persimmon yield comparison: plot 5 – traditional irrigation, plot 6 –irrigation according Phytomonitoring

43. PHYTOMONITORING™ in CROP GROWTH CONTROL Phytalk System 1 x RS-ATH-5R Air Temperature and Humidity Sensor (-10 to 50 °C ; 0 to 100 %RH) Stationary Data Concentrator 2 x RS-FI-M Fruit Growth Sensor (15 to 70 mm) 1 x RS-DE-1R Dendrometer (0 to 10 mm) 2 x RSD-SMS-2R Soil Moisture Sensor (0 to 50 vol. %) OR RS-TM-2R Twin Tensiometer (0 to 84 cbar) PhytoGraph™ Software

44. Phytech Ltd. - CROP GROWTH CONTROL Almond • Strategy of almond irrigation has three basic conditions: yield increase, almond kernel of larger diameter and kernel desirable quality. • Researches of local and foreign experts show, that the increase of seasonal irrigation norm leads to growth of almond yield. In according to Asher Aizenkot (Israel) the increase of seasonal irrigation norm from 350 m3/dun up to 500 m3/dun provides yield increasing from 170 up to 220 kg/dun. The increase of irrigation norm up to 850 m3/dun provides an increase of yield already up to 280 kg/dun. • Directly proportional dependence between irrigating water norm and yield of almonds are established also by other researchers (David A. Goldhammer, Terry Prichard, Black Sanden). • On the other hand the yield increases provide some reduction of fruit diameter, and also their qualities.

45. Phytech Ltd. - CROP GROWTH CONTROL Materials and methods

46. Phytech Ltd. - CROP GROWTH CONTROL Comparison of trunk growth depending irrigation norm in different plant phase development

47. Phytech Ltd. - CROP GROWTH CONTROL Comparison of trunk growth and daily contraction depending irrigation norm in fruit growth phase development. Period with the same irrigation norm

48. Phytech Ltd. - CROP GROWTH CONTROL Calculation the true Daily contraction amplitude very important fore make the right decision to adjust irrigation. We propose calculation method on the use of Base reference line. Example on the pictures shown that traditional method (Max morning-Min afternoon) against propose method can lead to significant error in estimation of true Daily contraction. Comparative calculation have shown that at high vapor pressure deficit (VPD) difference in the calculation may reach tens microns.