LUBRICATION SYSTEM

1. LUBRICATION SYSTEM

2. LUBRICATION SYSTEM • Six Functions of Motor Oil • Reduce friction • Reduce wear • Seal power • Absorb shock • Clean • Cool

3. Lubrication System Types • Splash • Pressure Fed or Force Feed • Combination Pressure Fed and Splash • Gasoline Oil Premix

4. Lubricating System Parts • Oil pan • Oil pump • Pick-up screen • Pressure regulator • Oil filter • By-pass valve • Oil galleries • Dipstick • Pressure indicator

5. Oil Pan • Storage reservoir for motor oil. • Holds 3 to 6 quarts with 4 as most average. • Plug on bottom to drain. • Pick-up screen sucks oil up from oil pump.

6. Oil Pumps • Gear types • Gerotor type • All oil pumps use a pick-up screen in the pan and a pressure regulator.

7. Oil Filters • Micro-porous paper filters used to screen out particles. • Most filters of the cartridge type.

8. Oil Filter Systems • Remove harmful materials

9. Bypass Systems • Part of oil to filter > pan • Part to bearings

10. Shunt Filter Systems • Some oil through filter > bearings • Some directly to bearings

11. Full Flow Filter Systems • All oil goes through filter

12. Oil Level and Pressure Indicators • Dipstick the most simple • Some engines equipped with an electrical level indicator. • Oil pressure indicator lamp • Oil pressure gauge (electrical or mechanical)

13. Motor Oil Characteristics • Oil Viscosity • Ease which oil flows • S.A.E Rating (Society of Automotive Engineers) • Service Rating • Oil Quality • A.P.I. (American Petroleum Institute) • Other Fluids & Lubricants

14. Oil Viscosity Chart

15. A.P.I. Ratings • SA Straight mineral oil no additives. • SB 1930’s motor oil with some detergent. • SC 1950’s oil more additives. • SD 1960’s enter multi-viscosity oils. • SE 1970’s emission controls make heat is problem. • SF 1980’s improves fuel economy. • SG Late 1980’s wider viscosity ranges. • SH 1990’s great stuff. • SJ Late 1990’s • SL NOW

16. Selecting Motor Oil • Pick proper viscosity as recommended by manufacturer. • Pick proper service rating as recommended by the manufacturer.

17. Automatic Transmission Fluid(ATF) • Has red color to identify it from motor oil. • Several kinds: • Dexron/Mercon • Type FA

18. Gear Lube • Used in manual transmissions and differentials on rear drive cars. • Heavy viscosity 90W. • Looks like motor oil but smells real bad!

19. Chassis Grease • Conventional type of petroleum grease. • Grease steering and suspension parts.

20. Other Types of Grease • Lithium grease or white lube. • Used on mis. parts.

21. Other Lubricants • WD-40 is a light oil with graphite. • Liquid wrench is a penetrating oil for dry and rusted bolts.

22. Non Petroleum Lubricants • Silicone spray is for rubber and plastic parts. Doesn’t work well on metal. • Brake cleaner is like dry cleaning fluid. Cleans off grease and evaporates in seconds.

23. Other Useful Fluids • Carburetor choke and throttle body cleaner. Contains toluene. • Starting fluid. Contains ether.

24. Oil Changes • Oil Change frequency: • Under ideal conditions every 7,500 miles or 6 months. • Under severe conditions every 3,000 miles or 3 months.

25. Oil Contamination • Blow-by gases add raw gasoline and water to the oil causing deterioration. • Excessive heat can cause thermal breakdown. • Excessive cranking can dilute oil with gasoline. • Cooling gasket leaks will ruin oil causing sludge.

26. Things That Make Oil Deteriorate Faster • Short distance driving. (which is most trips) • Extensive idling. • Cold weather operation. • Trailer towing. • Dirty and dusty conditions.

27. Proper Oil Disposal • Waste motor oil is a controlled waste. • Be sure to properly dispose of. • Oil filters too!

28. Changing Oil • Find the drain plug and remove it. • Catch the waste oil and dispose of it properly. • Don’t forget to reinstall the plug.

29. Drain Plugs • Be careful never to strip out drain plugs. • Extremely bad form.

30. Changing the Filter • Remove the filter with an oil filter wrench. • Dispose of the filter properly. • Install the new filter hand tight.

31. Filter Problems • Always match the old to the new oil filter. The gasket and thread must be the same. If you make a mistake you can pump 5 quarts of oil on the floor in seconds!

32. If the the vehicle is equipped with zerk fittings, grease those parts using the power grease gun. Find and clean the fittings first, then inject the grease. One kick from the gun is plenty. Under the car make the following checks: Gear lube in the differential on rear drive cars. Check tire air pressure. Be sure to find the proper inflation pressure. Check manual transmission fluid if the car is a stick shift. Chassis Lubrication & Fluid Checks

33. Refilling Motor Oil • Find crankcase capacity in one of the following references: • Owners manual? • Service manual. • Repair manual. • Computerized specification system.

34. Motor oil level Power steering fluid Coolant level Brake fluid Automatic transmission fluid. (The engine must be running) Good technicians also do these things: Check belt and hose condition. Inspect the battery terminals. Lubricate hood and door hinges. Look for anything unusual under the hood. Under Hood Checks

35. Changing Transmission Fluid • Remove transmission oil pan. This is tricky so be careful you don’t get an oil bath. • Catch oil in motor oil drain pan with the tranny fluid basin. Dispose of properly. • Change the filter, clean the pan, and reinstall the pan with a new gasket.

36. Replacing Filter and Pan Gasket • Buy a filter kit which gives you a new filter and gasket. Treat used tranny filters as you would an oil filter.