Daily Objective 10/11/2012

1. Warm-up: Geography of Africa • PowerPoint: • Geography of Africa • Kingdoms of Africa • Complete Kingdoms of Africa chart in your notes section Daily Objective 10/11/2012

2. TEKS 1A,C; 6A; 19B; 26C Warm-up Sub- Saharan Africa refers to those countries that are • South of the Sahara Desert • In the Sahara Desert • North of the Sahara Desert • East of the Nile River

3. Geography Africa is split into 2 parts • Saharan Africa 40% of Continent • Sub-Saharan Africa 60% of Continent • Africa is the 2nd largest continent after Asia • Tropical Rainforests make up 5% of Continent Saharan Desert savanna

4. Saharan Desert

5. Africa has few harbors or ports Farmland and grassland take up 40% of continent. Farming and ranching take up most of the grassland. • Rivers are hard to navigate Geography

6. Ghana • Location • South of the Sahara Desert in West Africa • Economy • Trading, mining, farming & cattle ranching • Government • Monarchy • Important Points • City of Timbuktu- Leading center for culture, education and Islam in Africa • Controlled the Salt & Gold trade routes between west & north Africa Kingdoms of Africa

7. Mali • Location • Southeast of Ghana: later grew to include all of Ghana • Economy • Trading, mining (Gold & Salt) • Government • Monarchy: Mansa Musa (King) • Important Points • @1300 was the largest empire in the world • Center of the spread of Islam in Africa Kingdoms of Africa

8. Songhai • Location • East of Mali • Economy • Trading, mining • Government • Monarchy • Important Points • Practiced Islam • Famous rulers: Sonna Ali & Askia Mohammad Kingdoms of Africa

9. Cush • Location • South of Egypt on the Nile River • Economy • Based on trade, agriculture and iron products • Government • Monarchy: Capital in Meroe • Important Points • Ruled Ancient Egypt for several hundred years • Developed an alphabet and written language Kingdoms of Africa

10. Axum • Location • Ethiopian Highlands • Economy • Trade, Agriculture & ivory products • Government • Monarchy: Rulers of Ethiopia claimed to be the descendants of King Solomon • Important Points • Modern day Ethiopia is located in the same geographic area Kingdoms of Africa

11. Zimbabwe • Location • Southeast Africa near Zambezi River • Economy • Traded with city-states in the area • Government • Monarchy • Important Points • N/A Kingdoms of Africa

12. Kanem-Bornu • Location • Central Africa- Modern day Sudan • Economy • Trade, farming, cattle ranching and mining • Government • Monarchy • Had a professional army • Important Points • Wealth was based on copper mines • Practiced Islam as their main religion Kingdoms of Africa

13. Hausa & Fulani • Location • West Africa: Modern day Nigeria • Economy • Trade & Ivory • Government • City-states ruled by a Sultan • Important Points • Practiced Islam Kingdoms of Africa

14. Forest Kingdoms of West Africa • Benin, Dahomey, Kongo, Asante • Location • Coastal areas of west Africa • Economy • Slave trade, Farming and Gold • Government • Monarchy • Important Points • Wealth was based on gold and slave trade Kingdoms of Africa