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Interactive Video and Multimedia

Interactive Video and Multimedia. An Interactive Presentation. Menu. Optical Media. Videodisc. CD-ROM. DVD. Interactive Video. Multimedia/Hypermedia. Optical Media. Laser videodisc CD audio CD-ROM CD-I DVD WORM (e.g., CD-R) Erasable/rerecordable (e.g., CD-RW).

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Interactive Video and Multimedia

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  1. Interactive Videoand Multimedia An Interactive Presentation

  2. Menu Optical Media Videodisc CD-ROM DVD Interactive Video Multimedia/Hypermedia

  3. Optical Media • Laser videodisc • CD audio • CD-ROM • CD-I • DVD • WORM (e.g., CD-R) • Erasable/rerecordable (e.g., CD-RW)

  4. Advantages of Optical Media • Very large storage capacity • Inexpensive duplication • Long media life; no wear when playing • High data integrity • Capable of storing multiple media • Computer accessible MENU

  5. Videodiscs • Oldest of the optical storage technologies • When was the first videodisc and videodisc player invented?

  6. Videodiscs • The answer... • In 1926. Scotsman John Logie Baird, a pioneer in the development of television, created a system based on Edison’s phonograph technology that he called phonovision. However, the modern laser videodisc wasn’t developed until the 1970s.

  7. Videodiscs • Although the reflective laser videodisc is now the standard, there have been other types, including: CED (RCA), VHD (JVC), laser transmissive (Thompson), and laserfilm (McDonnell Douglas). These forms have all but disappeared today.

  8. Laser Videodisc Formats • CLV (constant linear velocity) • Long-play format, developed primarily for linear playback of movies, capable of 60 min. of video per side. • CAV (constant angular velocity) • Capable of 30 min. of video per 12” side. However, also capable of freezing still images. Format of choice for interactive video.

  9. CAV Videodisc Characteristics • 30 min. of motion video per side • 54,000 individually accessible frames • ability to freeze any still image • rapid random access to any frame • 2 - 4 audio channels • high picture quality • durable construction and long life • low cost per image

  10. Videodisc Players • All videodisc players today are capable playing both CLV and CAV format. • Most players today support bar code access to frames and motion sequences. • “Industrial” players feature a standard serial interface for computer control. • U.S. market is dominated by Pioneer and to a lesser extent Sony. • Prices ranges from $700 - $2000.

  11. Limitations of Videodisc • Videodiscs, while still useful and fairly widely used, have two flaws that ultimately will doom the technology: • They are an analog, not digital, medium which means they are not naturally computer compatible. • They are large (12” in diameter) in an era when the trend is toward smaller. MENU

  12. CD-ROM • Newer digital cousin of the videodisc and digital audio CDs. • Capable of storing up to 660M of data or the equivalent of a quarter of a million pages of textual information. • Today can store text, graphics, digital audio, and compressed forms of video.

  13. CD-ROM • Designed as a mass storage medium for personal computers. • While some are so-called hybrids (able to work with different PCs), many are specific to certain PCs only. • Now accepted as one of the most popular ways to distribute computer software.

  14. CD-ROM • Players are now standard equipment on most PCs; player cost has dropped to as low as $100 or less. • The medium itself is relatively durable, has high data integrity, and is very inexpensive to mass produce. • Large installed base should insure viability into the future despite the arrival of DVD. MENU

  15. DVD • Emerging format that promises to replace both videodiscs and CD-ROMs in the future. • DVD discs are the same size as CD-ROMs, but first generation formats hold 4.7G or seven times the capacity of a CD-ROM. • Later versions may hold up to 17G on a single, double-sided disc.

  16. DVD • The first large-scale consumer application of DVD is feature length films (encoded in MPEG format) on CD size discs. • DVD players, costing several hundred dollars, are now also being offered as options on personal computers. • Conflicts over related standards have delayed acceptance of DVD, but, in time, it seems certain to take over. MENU

  17. Interactive Video • The use of a video delivery system, often videodisc, in which the user has control over the presentation. • Most of the literature in the field relates to the use of laser videodisc technology, often under computer control.

  18. Levels of Interactive Video • Level 1 • player with remote control • Level 2 • special “intelligent” player • Level 3 • computer interfaced to and in control of player

  19. Interactive Video • Level 1 • A hand-held remote control device offer easy access to videodisc images. • A bar code reader makes it even more convenient to access images. Many textbook companies now include laserdisc bar codes in their school textbooks, especially in science.

  20. Interactive Video • Level 2 • Once popular in the training sector, but almost non-existent in traditional education. • An “industrial” model videodisc player has an on-board microprocessor. A program is encoded on the videodisc along with the video. This program permits rudimentary interaction and branching through the use of the hand-held remote control.

  21. Interactive Video • Level 3 • Addition of a computer provides the opportunity for a high level of interaction with the user. • Simple systems use two monitors and a connecting cable. Costlier systems use computer boards that permit overlay of the videodisc video on the computer screen.

  22. Two Monitor System Separate computer and video monitors

  23. Overlay (One Monitor) System Special overlay board MENU

  24. Interactive Multimedia • Generic term that denotes any system in which the computer is capable of controlling and delivering multiple media. • Most often today, the term is used to describe a PC-based system involving CD-ROM, DVD, or perhaps the Internet

  25. Hypermedia • A term that traces its roots to Vannevar Bush’s proposed memex machine. • The idea was translated into computer systems by Douglas Englebart and Ted Nelson. Nelson coined the term hypertext to describe an associational text retrieval system consisting of interlinked nodes. • Hypermedia extends the hypertext concept to multimedia.

  26. Hypermedia • Hypermedia is a form of interactive multimedia, but not all interactive multimedia is hypermedia. • Hypermedia is distinguished by interlinked nodes of information that may contains multiple media.

  27. Hypermedia • The first widely popular hypermedia product was Apple’s HyperCard. • Today, there are many hypermedia authoring tools available including: HyperStudio, Toolbook, SuperCard, and others.

  28. Hypermedia • Of course, the most dramatic example of hypermedia today is the World Wide Web. • Although still not capable of the quality of CD-ROM delivered multimedia, the Web is rapidly emerging as the focus of much multimedia development, and it promises to rival desktop multimedia in the future. MENU

  29. The End

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