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Chapter 4, Socialization

Chapter 4, Socialization. Key Terms. Socialization The process through which people learn the expectations of society. Roles Expected behavior associated with a given status in society.

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Chapter 4, Socialization

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  1. Chapter 4, Socialization Key Terms

  2. SocializationThe process through which people learn the expectations of society. • RolesExpected behavior associated with a given status in society.

  3. Social controlThe process by which groups and individuals within those groups are brought into conformity with dominant social expressions. • Self-esteemThe value a person places on his or her identity.

  4. Psychoanalytic theoryFreud's theory that development of social identity (ego) is an unconscious process, developed from tensions between impulses (id) and the standards of society (superego). • Object relations theoryMaintains that the social relationships experienced by children determine the development of the adult personality.

  5. Social learning theoryIdentity is formed in a societal context as the result of modeling oneself in response to the expectations of others. • Symbolic interaction theoryPeople learn identities and values through the socialization process as they learn the social meanings that different behaviors imply.

  6. SelfOur concept of who we are, formed in relationship to others. • Looking glass selfExplains how a person’s conception of self arises through reflection about one’s relationship with others.

  7. RolesSets of expectations that govern a person’s relationships with people and society. • Significant othersThose with whom one has a close affiliation.

  8. Generalized otherThe abstract composite of social roles and social expectations. • Socialization agentsThose who pass on social expectations.

  9. PeersThose with whom you interact on equal terms. • Life course Connects people's personal attributes, the roles they occupy and life events to the social and historical context.

  10. Adult socializationThe process of learning new roles and expectations in adult life. • Anticipatory socializationThe learning of expectations associated with a role one expects to enter in the future.

  11. Rites of passageA ceremony or ritual that marks the passage of an individual from one role to another. • ResocializationThe process by which existing social roles are radically altered or replaced.

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