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Communication. Anything that alters the behavior of another. Message (signal). Sender. Receiver. Interference. Feedback. Communication model. Which benefits from the communiqué (message) the sender or the receiver?
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Communication • Anything that alters the behavior of another
Message (signal) Sender Receiver Interference Feedback Communication model
Which benefits from the communiqué (message) the sender or the receiver? • Example: A skunk raises its tail at a person. What does the person do? Did the receiver benefit from the communiqué? Did the sender benefit from the communiqué?
Function of Communication • Leads to a higher level of predictability • The receiver can predict what will or will not occur • Allows organisms to lie • Ultimately allows organisms to alter their position in the world so they are more successful
Success in Biology • Is measured in the number of offspring.
Evolution of Communication All signals evolve in at least two steps • A signal comes from some adaptive behavior. • The signal becomes ritualized.
Evolutionary Sources for Signals All signals come from 1 of 3 sources: • Autonomic response – a neuronal response, something that cannot be controlled. example: Blushing
2. Intention movement – a precursor to an action (something that is done before an action) example: forming a fist What is it a precursor to?
3. Displacement behavior – a misplaced behavior, something that doesn’t fit or belong in the situation. Releases pent-up energy. example: Biting fingernails when nervous