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KEY CONCEPT Central nervous system - interprets information

Explore the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS), how they work together, major components like the brain, brain stem, and spinal cord, and crucial functions such as interpreting and transmitting impulses. Learn about CNS processing, reflex control, and PNS functions in regulating movements, autonomic functions, and reflexes. Dive into the roles of specific brain parts like the cerebrum, cerebellum, and brain stem. Gain insights into key concepts like interneurons, sensory neurons, and motor neurons.

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KEY CONCEPT Central nervous system - interprets information

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  1. KEY CONCEPT Central nervous system - interprets information peripheral nervous system - gathers and transmits information.

  2. The nervous system’s two parts work together. • The CNS includes the brain, brain stem, and spinal cord. • The PNS includes four systems of nerves.

  3. Sensory receptor generates impulse. • PNS passes impulse to CNS. • CNS interprets impulse. • CNS passes impulse to PNS. • PNS stimulates a response. • The CNS and PNS pass signals between one another.

  4. midbrain Brainstem pons medulla oblongata The CNS processes information. • The brain has three parts. • cerebrum controls thought, movement, emotion • cerebellum allows for balance • brain stem controls basic life functions

  5. midbrain pons medulla oblongata • midbrain controls some reflexes • pons regulates breathing • medulla oblongata controls heart function, swallowing, coughing • The brain stem has three parts.

  6. interneuron motor neurons sensory neuron • sensory neuron sends impulse to spinal cord • spinal cord directs impulse to motor neuron • does not involve the brain • The spinal cord controls reflexes.

  7. The PNS links the CNS to muscles and other organs. • The somatic nervous system regulates voluntary movements. • The autonomic nervous system controls involuntary, functions • sympathetic nervous system: “fight vs. flight” • parasympathetic nervous system: calms the body, conserves energy

  8. A. cerebellum-coordinates and regulates voluntary muscle movement, balance, and posture. b. Medulla oblongata- controls breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure, connects to spinal cord c. thalamus-switching area for sensory impact d. hypothalamus- small are of mid-brain, controls secretions of the pituitary gland e. Corpus callosum- thick band of fibers joining the cerebral hemisphere f. pons-regulates breathing g. Spinal cord-main nerve of the CNS extending down to brain h. cerebrum- largest part of the brain coordinates voluntary activities-thought, reasoning, and memory. i. Pituitary gland-makes and releases hormones responsible for growth and osmoregulation.

  9. Pineal body- small, grayish, cone-shaped, glandular outgrowth from the brain of all vertebrates that produces the hormone melatonin-serotonin levels can impact your sleep cycle • stimulates color change in the epidermis of amphibians and reptiles • Midbrain-

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