COPS Gone BAD: Behavioral Motivation Typologies

1. COPS Gone BAD: Behavioral Motivation Typologies Stan Crowder, Ph.D. Assistant Professor of Criminal Justice Kennesaw State University Kennesaw, Georgia, USA CJAG - 2016

2. COPS Gone BAD: Behavioral Motivation Typologies • Introduction • Literature Review • Research Methods • Questionnaires/Survey Instrument • Case Examples (GA Cops Gone Bad) • Behavioral Motivational Typologies/ Findings • Conclusion Stan Crowder, Ph.D.

3. COPS Gone BAD: Behavioral Motivation Typologies Introduction • The IDEA and HOW it came to be. • Challenges of “Getting Into Prison.” • Challenges with Department of Corrections • Challenges with the Inmates • Crowder goes to prison May 2000. • The WHY Question. Stan Crowder, Ph.D.

4. COPS Gone BAD: Behavioral Motivation Typologies Literature Review • Buddy Boys by Mike McAlary (1987). NYPD 77th Precinct (the Alamo) story of Officers Henry Winter and Tony Magno. • Tin for Sale by John Manca and Vincent Cosgrove (1991). NYPD story of Detective John Manca. • Criminal Behavior by Curt R. Bartol (1999). • The Psychology of Good and Evil by Ervin Staub (2003). • Numerous Ethics textbooks Stan Crowder, Ph.D.

5. COPS Gone BAD: Behavioral Motivation Typologies Research Methods / CASE STUDY: preferred in examining current events when the relevant behaviors cannot be manipulated. A qualitative research procedure using partial biographies of people. • Two Sources not available to a historian: direct observation and systematic interviews. • Case Study’s unique strength is the ability to deal with a full variety of evidence: documents, artifacts, interviews, and observations. • Case Study research is used when a “how” or “why” question is being asked about a contemporary set of events over which the investigator has little or no control. • Logic of multiple case studies is analogous to the ability to conduct experiments on related topics. • Framework of the state of conditions remained the same: all former LE officers currently incarcerated. Stan Crowder, Ph.D.

6. COPS Gone BAD • Brett, Officer with Atlanta PD (formally with NYPD) • Mike, Lieutenant with Marietta PD • Tommy, Deputy with Cobb County SO • Joe, Officer with Atlanta PD (formally with Baltimore PD) Stan Crowder, Ph.D.

7. Cops Gone Bad Brett • A part of the infamous Apple Dumpling Gang (Atlanta PD, Riverdale PD, Fulton Co SO). All the members were bodybuilders/weightlifters abusing steroids and human growth hormone; lifted weights together • MOST HONEST interviewee during research • I had to pass an interview with father before he would agree to speak to me. Father is a sincere retired cop that loves his son. Stan Crowder, Ph.D.

8. Cops Gone Bad Brett • Convicted of armed robbery and burglary • Had to pass a “becoming a criminal interview.” Interview used to pump up his ego; a lot of money flashed; given 1K ..just ‘cause. • Motivated by: greed; “why should dopers have all the money?” thrill/adrenaline pump; macho/movie type; drugs (steroids) Stan Crowder, Ph.D.

9. Cops Gone Bad Mike • 42 yoa convicted of aggravated assault and cruelty to children • Former Military Policeman (Army) Security Policeman (Air Force) • BS (88) and MS (89) FBI National Academy Graduate (91) • Multiple marriages (4) • Taught classes in community: “Crimes Against Women and How to Protect Yourself.” Stan Crowder, Ph.D.

10. Cops Gone Bad Mike • Motivated by jealousy and material things • Self - Perception: good man, great father, good friend • “LE officers should NOT be held to a higher standard and given a longer sentence because they were cops.” • Mike was my liaison with all other inmates interviewed for the study. Without his help, I could not have conducted this study. But what was the real motivation to help me…. • Defense: abuse of Phen-Phen diet pills; never took responsibility for actions Stan Crowder, Ph.D.

11. Cops Gone Bad Tommy • Went to work for Cobb County Sheriff’s Office right out of high school as a dispatcher, then crime scene tech, then deputy • Convicted of 2 counts of Sodomy and 1 count of Sexual Assault Against Person in Custody • Inmate talked him into performing oral sex (twice) • Temptation, “just because it was with another man”, quasi-victim of a street/prison savvy convict Stan Crowder, Ph.D.

12. Cops Gone Bad Joe • APD officer; former Baltimore PD • Convicted of child molestation against step-daughter • Claimed allegations were the result of a “crazy wife” and step-daughter rebelling against discipline • Claims “story” made up by wife and step daughter • Absolutely denies the incident ever occurred • Convicted on the sole testimony of teenage step-daughter that he made her masturbate him Stan Crowder, Ph.D.

13. Behavioral Motivational Typologies • To understand motivational themes of violent, predatory offenders, most criminal profilers use the typologies developed by Dr. Nicholas Groth. • “The needs, or motives, that impel human criminal behaviors remain essentially the same for all offenders, despite behavioral expression that may involve kidnapping, child molestation, terrorism, sexual assault, homicide, or arson” (Turvey, 2008, p.280). • Findings confirm Turvey’s assertion and Groth’s findings. • I found the motivations for former law enforcement officers convicted of crimes to be included in the following descriptions (taken from Turvey, 2008, p.281-289): Stan Crowder, Ph.D.

14. Behavioral Motivational Typologies • Power Reassurance or Compensatory motivation intended to restore the offender’s self-confidence or self-worth manifested by a belief or rationalization that the offense was consensual and or the victim was a willing or culpable participant. • Power Assertive or Entitlement motivation intended to restore the offender’s self-confidence or self-worth manifested by capture, conquer, control, and humiliation of the victim. • Anger Retaliatory motivation revealing a great amount of rage toward a specific person, group, or institution by blaming the victim for events and acting on the basis of cumulative real or imagined wrongs. Stan Crowder, Ph.D.

15. Behavioral Motivational Typologies • Sadistic or Anger Excitation motivation that denote evidence of sexual gratification from victim pain and suffering based on fantasies of inflicting pain creating fear and submission. • Profit motivation for personal or material gain. • The simple explanation of the motivations for all the crimes committed by former law enforcement officers is power and with power comes control. Simply, they wanted “it” their way. Stan Crowder, Ph.D.

16. Behavioral Motivation Typologies • Brett: Power Assertive motivation + profit • Mike: Anger Retaliatory motivation • Tommy: Power Reassurance motivation • Joe: Power Assertive motivation Stan Crowder, Ph.D.

17. Behavioral Motivation Typologies Conclusions • SGT Bill Carter Theory: “Booze, Broads, and Bills.” In other words: intoxicants, sex, and financial/greed • Most will blame their convictions on an excuse; the blame game…drugs caused it; sex caused it; crazy wives caused it. MOST will not stand up and admit that they broke the law; they did know better; and that they deserve what they got. • Power and Control • Yielding to Temptation • Ex- Law Enforcement Officers do a longer sentence than street thugs; the “you knew better syndrome” Stan Crowder, Ph.D.

18. COPS Gone BAD: Behavioral Motivation Typologies Conclusions • The WHY question remains elusive. • Opinion: the courts and penal system are harder on the former LE officer than a street thug. • If I were the director of corrections for a day… • Former LE officers are near perfect inmates • Bad Apples or Bad IA or Ignoring Red Flags Stan Crowder, Ph.D.