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The Knee

The Knee. Examination. Subjective Examination. Age – young, 20 ’ s, 50 ’ s, 60+ Occupation & Sports – carpet fitters, skiing, football Site Spread – usually localised Onset – rapid, gradual Duration Behaviour - am Symptoms – locking, giving way, agg and ease, stiffness PMSH.

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The Knee

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  1. The Knee Examination

  2. Subjective Examination • Age –young, 20’s, 50’s, 60+ • Occupation & Sports – carpet fitters, skiing, football • Site • Spread – usually localised • Onset – rapid, gradual • Duration • Behaviour - am • Symptoms – locking, giving way, agg and ease, stiffness • PMSH

  3. Inspection • Posture • Gait • Swelling • Muscle wasting • Deformity

  4. Palpation • Heat • Synovial Thickening • Compression Test

  5. Passive Movementspain, range and end feel • Flexion • Extension

  6. Ligaments • Pain and Range • Valgus - MCL • Varus - LCL • Medial coronary • Lateral coronary • ACL – in flex • ACL – in ext – Lachman’s • PCL – in flex

  7. Meniscus • 4 tests • Stabilise femur and palpate joint line • Looking for click, pain and apprehension • Not for acute • Opposite D tests • Foot in LR + MR

  8. Resisted Testspain and power • Flexion - Prone • Extension – prone • PF pain – through range knee extension at 90, 60, 30 and 0 degrees knee flex

  9. Palpation • Joint line • Tendons • Bursa • ligaments

  10. Additional Tests • Resisted flexion in MR – differentiates popliteus with lateral meniscus • 4 test – palp LCL • Glide of H of F

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