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Circulatory System. Circulation. In the United States of America, what do we use to transport goods? Roads, railroad tracks, and airline routes. Our body has a transportation system too which we call the circulatory system: where blood moves through our body. Circulatory system.
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Circulation • In the United States of America, what do we use to transport goods? • Roads, railroad tracks, and airline routes. • Our body has a transportation system too which we call the circulatory system: where blood moves through our body.
Circulatory system • It is made of your heart, blood vessels, and blood. • Blood vessels carries blood throughout the body, which forms a closed circulatory system. • Closed circulatory system: is where blood never leaves the blood vessels. • What other organisms can you name that have a closed circulatory system?
Heart • Its like a double pump • Right side pumps blood to the lungs • Left side pumps blood to all other parts of the body • Atrium (upper chambers): receive blood returning to the heart • Ventricle (lower chambers): pump blood out of the heart
Heart Valves • Each valve in the heart is a thin, strong flap of tissue that acts like a one-way door • Tricuspid: valve between the right atrium and right ventricle • Bicuspid: valve between the left atrium and the left ventricle • Semilunar valves: are found between the ventricles and the blood vessels • What is the job of the valves? • The valves open and close at different times to prevent blood from flowing backward
Heartbeat • What causes the sound of your heartbeat? • It is caused by the opening and closing of the valves in the heart.
Blood Vessels • 3 types of blood vessels: • Arteries • Veins • Capillaries
Arteries • They are blood vessels that carries blood away from the heart. • They are thick muscular walls that are strong and elastic. • Each time the heat beats, blood is pushed through the heart under high pressure. • Therefore their strong elastic walls allows them to stretch preventing the arteries from bursting
Veins • They are blood vessels that carry blood to the heart. • They are less muscular and their pressure exerted on veins are less than that of arteries.
Capillaries • They connect the smallest arteries and veins together. • Microscopic blood vessels that are only 1 cell thick.
Circulatory System Problems • 1 of the leading causes of death in the US. • High blood pressure • Caused by the narrowing of the arteries • Hardening of the arteries • Cholesterol (fatty substance) build up • Heart attack • Caused from narrow artery blockage • If the heart doesn’t get enough blood it begins to die
Circulation • Pulmonary Circulation: pathway of blood between the heart and the lungs
Circulation cont. • Systemic Circulation: pathway of blood between the heat and the rest of the body.
Blood • Functions: • Transportation of materials • Regulate body temperature • Maintain chemical balance • Protection against diseases
Parts of the blood • Plasma • Red blood cells • White blood cells • Platelets
Plasma • It is the liquid part of the blood, which is made up of 90% water. • It carries dissolved vitamins, minerals, digested nutrients, wastes, and different kinds of proteins.
Red Blood Cells • Blood gets its color from 25 trillion red blood cells. • Their job is to carry oxygen, which is done so by a molecule called hemoglobin that is found on every red blood cell. • Correction!!!!!!!!!!! • Blood without oxygen is dark red, but never blue.
White Blood Cells • They are cells that defend your body against diseases. • You have only 1 white blood cell for every 1000 red blood cell • Phagocytes (white blood cells) surround bacteria and digest them. • So why do we get pus when we get a cut? • Shows that our body is fighting the infection • Made up of dead white blood cells, bacteria, and tiny pieces of dead tissue.
Platelets • They are the part of the blood that controls clotting. • Clotting: prevention of blood loss • Platelets sick together at the site of a cut and basically form a plug.
Blood Groups • Did you know that not every person’s blood is the same? • Four blood types: • A • B • AB • O
Blood Disorders • Anemia: is a disorder where blood can not carry normal amounts of O2 to body cells. • Leukemia: cancer of the blood, where the body produces millions of abnormal immature white blood cells.
