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REM 350 : Sustainable Energy & Materials Management

REM 350 : Sustainable Energy & Materials Management. Technologies & Systems Mark Jaccard Energy and Materials Research Group School of Resource and Environmental Management Simon Fraser University. Coverage. Fossil fuel-related technologies – CCGT, CTL, GTL, CCS

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REM 350 : Sustainable Energy & Materials Management

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  1. REM 350:Sustainable Energy & Materials Management Technologies & Systems Mark Jaccard Energy and Materials Research Group School of Resource and Environmental Management Simon Fraser University Jaccard-Simon Fraser University

  2. Coverage Fossil fuel-related technologies – CCGT, CTL, GTL, CCS Nuclear power plant – fission & fusion process Renewables – hydro, solar, biomass, wind, geothermal, ocean Energy storage Fuel cell Heat pump and CHP (cogeneration) Integrated buildings and energy technologies Near-zero-emission transportation Decentralized energy, smart grids, and smart meters Jaccard-Simon Fraser University

  3. Combined cycle gas turbine (CCGT) Combined cycle gas turbine (CCGT) involves gasifying a fuel like coal first. Jaccard-Simon Fraser University

  4. other fuels diesel natural gas coal Syngas production Coal-to-liquids and gas-to-liquids(CTL and GTL) Fischer-Tropsch Jaccard-Simon Fraser University

  5. electricity hydrogen combustion, reforming, gasification natural gas coal, oil CO2, etc. Carbon capture and storage(CCS) Jaccard-Simon Fraser University

  6. Coal => hydrogen with near-zero emissions Jaccard-Simon Fraser University

  7. Coal => electricity with near-zero emissions Jaccard-Simon Fraser University

  8. Geological storage of CO2 Jaccard-Simon Fraser University

  9. Risks of geological storage Risks of geologic storage Local Global CO in atmosphere or CO dissolved in Release of CO to the Displacement 2 2 2 ! Ground heave shallow subsurface subsurface fluids atmosphere ! ! ! Induced seismicity Suffocation of humans Mobilization of metals or ! Contamination of drinking or animals above other contaminants ! water by displaced brines ground Contamination of potable ! ! Damage to hydrocarbon or Effects on plants above water ! mineral resources ground Interference with deep- ! Biological impact below subsurface ecosystems ground on roots, insects and burrowing animals Jaccard-Simon Fraser University 9

  10. Nuclear energy: chain fission reaction Jaccard-Simon Fraser University

  11. Nuclear power plant Jaccard-Simon Fraser University

  12. Nuclear fusion reaction Jaccard-Simon Fraser University

  13. Fossil fuels Jaccard-Simon Fraser University

  14. Typical run-of-river hydro Jaccard-Simon Fraser University

  15. Fossil fuels Jaccard-Simon Fraser University

  16. Fossil fuels PV electricity cost estimates Jaccard-Simon Fraser University

  17. Installed PV cost in California Jaccard-Simon Fraser University

  18. PV: possibly large facilities Jaccard-Simon Fraser University

  19. PV: avoiding land-use competition Jaccard-Simon Fraser University

  20. Concentrated solar power (CSP) Jaccard-Simon Fraser University

  21. Ivanpah CSP California 400 MW Jaccard-Simon Fraser University

  22. Ivanpah sun shining Jaccard-Simon Fraser University

  23. Fossil fuels Jaccard-Simon Fraser University

  24. Fossil fuels Jaccard-Simon Fraser University

  25. Definition of Biogas • Biogas is produced by the biological breakdown of organic matter in the absence of oxygen • Biogas comprises primarily of methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) and may have small amounts of hydrogen sulphide(H2S), Nitrogen (N2), Oxygen (O2), Hydrogen (H2), and moisture Jaccard-Simon Fraser University

  26. Sources of Biogas • Naturally occurring sources of biogas • Wetlands (e.g. swamps and marshes) • Sewage sludge • Solid waste dumps or landfill sites • Common feedstock for biogas digesters • Livestock manure (e.g. cows, pig/hog, poultry) • Food processing (by-products of meat processing, potato, dairy, fruit, vegetables, etc.) • Energy crops cut as silage (wheat, barley, clover, alfalfa, ryegrass, turnips, sorghum, switchgrass and corn) Jaccard-Simon Fraser University 5th Annual Energy Summit

  27. Two Stage Biogas Plant Utilizing Either Biogas Upgrading or CHP Jaccard-Simon Fraser University 5th Annual Energy Summit

  28. Wind turbine Jaccard-Simon Fraser University

  29. Jaccard-Simon Fraser University

  30. Ocean - tidal Jaccard-Simon Fraser University

  31. Non-fossil fuel energy storage Biofuels Batteries Hydrogen Hydro reservoirs (perhaps pumping in off-peak) Compressed air Heat sinks Jaccard-Simon Fraser University

  32. Pumped hydro storage Jaccard-Simon Fraser University

  33. Fossil fuels Jaccard-Simon Fraser University

  34. Fossil fuels Jaccard-Simon Fraser University

  35. Fuel cell: hydrogen Jaccard-Simon Fraser University

  36. Combined heat and power(cogeneration) Jaccard-Simon Fraser University

  37. Fossil fuels Jaccard-Simon Fraser University

  38. Biofuel car Jaccard-Simon Fraser University

  39. Plug-in hybrid Jaccard-Simon Fraser University

  40. Solar Impulse Jaccard-Simon Fraser University

  41. Fossil fuels Jaccard-Simon Fraser University

  42. Fossil fuels Jaccard-Simon Fraser University

  43. Fossil fuels Jaccard-Simon Fraser University

  44. California in 2020 based on forecasted load and capacities Jaccard-Simon Fraser University

  45. Fossil fuels Jaccard-Simon Fraser University

  46. Integrating supply, demand & storage(smart grid?) Jaccard-Simon Fraser University

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