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CELL TRANSPORT

Learn about the importance of homeostasis in cells, including how cells maintain balanced nutrient and water concentrations and eliminate waste. Explore the three types of cell transport: diffusion, osmosis, and facilitated diffusion. Understand the difference between passive and active transport and how molecules move across the selectively permeable cell membrane.

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CELL TRANSPORT

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  1. CELL TRANSPORT

  2. Homeostasis– the stable internal conditions of a living thing; maintaining a stable internal environment Homeostasis and Transport

  3. Cells must keep the proper concentration of nutrients and water and eliminate wastes. • Cells die without homeostasis. • The plasma membrane is selectively permeable – it will allow some things to pass through, while blockingother things. Maintaining a Balance

  4. Molecules move along a concentration gradient– the difference in concentration of the molecules in a space. • 3 Types of transport: Diffusion, osmosis and facilitated diffusion Passive Transport

  5. Diffusion • Diffusion– the random movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration until dynamic equilibrium is reached • Perfume, food coloring, O2, CO2

  6. Osmosis • The diffusion of wateracross a selectively permeable membrane, from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration until dynamic equilibrium is reached.

  7. The direction of osmosis is determined by the type of solution a cell is in: • Hypertonic – the concentration of solute molecules is higher outside the cell than inside, • Hypotonic – the concentration is higher inside than outside, or • Isotonic – the concentration is the same 3 types of solutions/cell environments

  8. Cells in ISOTONIC solution

  9. Cells in HYPOTONIC solution

  10. Cells in HYPERTONIC solution

  11. A process in which substances move down their concentration gradient across the plasma membrane with the help of transport (carrier) protein molecules. • Examples: Sugars and amino acids Facilitated Diffusion

  12. Active Transport • Movement of molecules and ions against the concentration gradient • Moves in the direction of Low  High • Energy is used • Example: Transport proteins bind to ions, used energy to change shape, flipping ion into cell.

  13. PASSIVE ACTIVE DIFFUSION OSMOSIS FACILITATED DIFFUSION CELL TRANSPORT

  14. Cell Membrane • Organized as double layer of phospholipids called a lipid bilayer.

  15. Cell Membrane • Phospholipids have a hydrophilic head and a hydrophobic tail • Hydrophillic – water “loving” • Hydrophobic – water “fearing” • These interactions results in a selectively permeable membrane • This helps determine what substances enter and leave the cell

  16. Cell Membrane • Proteins are also embedded in the lipid bilayer of the cell membrane • This helps recognize substances, which can pass through the cell

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