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WWI Begins

WWI Begins. 3 Reasons for Military Build Up. Nationalism: deep feelings of pride in one’s country. formation of modern Germany Imperialism: led to more international incidents. Africa for example The Franco-Prussian War: fought in the 1870’s

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WWI Begins

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  1. WWI Begins

  2. 3 Reasons for Military Build Up • Nationalism: deep feelings of pride in one’s country. • formation of modern Germany • Imperialism: led to more international incidents. • Africa for example • The Franco-Prussian War: fought in the 1870’s • Modern Prussian army needed territory to expand. • War scared France, proved Germany had gotten powerful

  3. The Alliance System • Alliances in Europe formed strictly by geographic location. • one incident easily draws many countries into a war. • The Triple Entente: initially France, England and Russia • Eventually known as the Allies • The side America eventually joined. • Triple Alliance: Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy. • Became known as the Central powers. • Italy switched sides in 1915 • Ottoman Empire (present day Turkey) replaced Italy.

  4. Assassination • Archduke of Austria, Franz Ferdinand, assassinated by a Serbian Nationalist (Gavrilo Princip) while visiting Bosnia. • Bosnia protected by Russia, attack on Bosnia draws war • Von Schlieffen Plan – German plan to quickly end the war • capture Paris and knock France out first • invade France by going through Belgium. • Result = Plan failed, Germany blamed as the aggressors

  5. WWI Battlefield • Open field tactics using modern weapons = horrifying casualties early. • Machine guns, long-range artillery, barbed wire, and rifles. • Trench Warfare – miserable, complex trench systems as defense from deadly enemy fire. • constantly sick, muddy, wet, lice, and trench foot • No-man’s land: the deadly ground between trenches, nowhere to hide • most attacks took place at night.

  6. Good Trench Bad Trench

  7. Chemical Warfare • Mustard Gas: • Named for its yellowish tint • blind and disorient enemies before any attack. • Hitler spent many months in a military hospital at the end of WWI because of mustard gas poisoning.

  8. Summary • For nearly 4 years neither side moved more than 10 miles at a time. Cost of WWI • 65,000,000 – Soldiers Mobilized • 8,020,000 – Soldiers Killed • 21,229,000 – Soldiers Wounded • 6,643,000 – Civilians Killed • $282,000,000,000 – Overall Cost of the War (282 Billion)

  9. Summary Cont. • France: • 8,900,000 – Mobilized • 1,357,000 – Killed • 4,266,000 – Wounded • 40,000 – Civilians Killed • Germany: • 11,000,000 – Mobilized • 1,808,546 – Killed • 4,242,143 – Wounded • 760,000 – Civilians Killed

  10. Summary Cont. • United States: • 4,335,000 –Mobilized • 50,000 – Killed • 205,000 – Wounded • 0 – Civilians killed • Russia lost most from the Allies - 1,700,000 • Many killed by Russians during Bolshevik Revolution

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