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Senior 2

Senior 2. Module 8 Gerunds and infinitives. Gerunds. Function as nouns . This means gerunds can be replaced by pronouns. For example, Susan denied participating in the event . Susan denied it . [it = participating in the event] Michael remembered turning off the lights .

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Senior 2

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  1. Senior 2 Module 8 Gerunds and infinitives

  2. Gerunds • Function as nouns. This means gerunds can be replaced by pronouns. For example, • Susan denied participatingin the event. • Susan denied it. [it = participating in the event] • Michael remembered turning off the lights. • Michael remembered it. [it = turning off the lights] • I’m looking forward to reading the book. • I’m looking forward to it.

  3. Gerunds • Function as nouns. This means gerunds can be replaced by pronouns. For example, • I don’t like being late for class. • I don’t like it. [it = being late for class] • Entertaining guests is not my favourite thing. • It is not my favourite thing. [it = entertaining guests] • I’m good at playingbasketball. • I’m good at it. [it = playing basketball]

  4. Gerunds • If we look at it carefully, we add a gerund to indicate the action of doing something, but you could as well eliminate the gerund on certain occasions: • David denied participating in the event. • David denied his participation in the event. • David denied (doing) something.

  5. Gerunds • Some structures require the use of the gerund. For example: • It’s no use doing something. • It’s worth studying gerunds and infinitives. • We’re having difficulty remembering this. • Notice, however, that: • It’s difficult to hear what she’s saying.

  6. Infinitives • Unlike gerunds, infinitives can’t be replaced by a pronoun, and they do play the role of the verb. • That’s your chance to win the game. • That’s your chance it. [????] • She’ll make an effort to come to the party. • She’ll make an effort it. [????]

  7. Infinitives • Adjectives are usually followed by infinitives. • It’s good to see you’ve recovered. • It’s important for youto tell her the truth. • She’s too short to play basketball. • He isn’t fast enough to win the race.

  8. Verbs followed by… • Gerunds • I can’t standgoing to the club with her. • I can’t stand this/that. • She considered leaving the country. • She considered that possibility. • He suggests going to the cinema. • He suggests this.

  9. Verbs followed by… • Infinitives • Frank doesn’t agree to do that. ✓ • Frank doesn’t agree that. ✗ • Frank doesn’t agree with that. ✓ • Jack decided to call his girlfriend. ✓ • Jack decided this. ✓

  10. Infinitives • Is there any difference in meaning between the sentences below? • Jack wants to eat a banana. • Jack wants a banana. • He expects to come with us. • He expects that.

  11. Now what???? • Unfortunately, there’s no easy rule for you to know when to use a gerund or an infinitive after a certain verb. The best way for you to learn it is by: • Using it. • Reading more.

  12. Some special verbs • Let, Make, Help • My mum lets meplay PS3 until 2:00 am. • My friends helpmedo my homework. • I’ll makeyouremember these verbs.

  13. Michelle is having trouble to sleep/ sleeping. • Juliet refused to dance/ dancingwith Pete. • Can you imagine to spend/ spendingyour vacations in Europe? • It’s not easy for them to speak/ speakingin public. • Do you enjoy to drink/ drinkingcoke?

  14. I miss to talk/ talkingto my friends. • I don’t mind to eat/ eatingvegetables. • It’s worth to listen/listening to that song. • They tend to be / being given the red carpet treatment. • This is the right time to buy/ buyingsome shares in the stock market.

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