1 / 22

A British officer in India, 1870s

A British officer in India, 1870s. The young, pro-British Maharaja of Bharatpur, 1860: The princely states contained nearly half of India’s land but only 20% of its people.

sanam
Download Presentation

A British officer in India, 1870s

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. A British officer in India, 1870s

  2. The young, pro-British Maharaja of Bharatpur, 1860:The princely states contained nearly half of India’s land but only 20% of its people

  3. Nripendra Naravan Bhup Bahadur, Maharaja of Cooch Behar, photographed in London in the uniform of a lieutenant-colonel of the 6th Bengal Cavalry, 1899

  4. Russia expands into Turkmenistan, 1880-1900

  5. THE SECOND AFGHAN WAR, 1878-80

  6. Aerial photograph of the Khyber Pass

  7. Pathan riflemen in the Second Afghan War (1878-1880)

  8. Afghan tribal elders in Kabul, 1878

  9. The North-West Frontier (especially Waziristan) has been a site of continual conflict since 1840

  10. “A gallant subaltern saves a wounded Sepoy” (1898) An Anglo-Indian force in the Kurram Valley, 1897

  11. A few advertisers sought to capitalize on the Empire

  12. THE MARCH OF PROGRESS:By 1900 India had285 million people;5 million literates;23,000 college students; 25,000 miles of railway.But only 65 of 1,244 members of the ICS were Indian.

  13. Indian peasants with farm implements and a yoke for oxen (1870)

  14. Starving Indian peasants during the great famine of 1876/77, when millions died.Famine recurred in 1895/96 and 1899/1900

  15. A labor camp to provide famine relief in 1897.Only in 1907 did the British introduce a system to distribute food to villages in drought-stricken regions

  16. Heavy-handed measures to combat bubonic plague in Bombay in 1896/97 provoked violent riots and the assassination of two British officials by Hindu nationalists.

  17. Lord Curzon at the Delhi Durbar of 1903:He was the most gifted and energetic of viceroys, dedicated to government FOR the Indians but not BY the Indians

  18. Lord Curzon, Tory Viceroy (1898-1905), who favored enlightened absolutism. John Morley, Liberal Secretary of State, 1905-10 Curzon repressed dissent harshly but championed Indian economic interests. Morley decentralized the administration and created elected provincial councils to promote cooperation with the Indian middle class.

  19. At its first meeting in Bombay, 1885, the “India National Congress” only demanded increased participation by educated Indians in the administration

  20. Mohandas K. Gandhi (1869-1948) • Grows up in Gujarat • 1888-91: Studies law in London • 1893: Establishes law practice in South Africa • 1894-1914: Heads Natal Indian Congress • 1900: Volunteers as stretcher bearer • 1906: Organizes first “satyagraha” • 1909: Publishes “Indian Home Rule”

  21. CORE ARGUMENTS OF “INDIAN HOME RULE” (1909) • What Europeans call “civilization” has the sole aim to “make bodily welfare the object of life…. It was not that we did not know how to invent machinery, but our forefathers knew that, if we set our hearts after such things, we would become slaves and lose our moral fiber.” • “Passive resistance is a method of securing rights by personal suffering; it is the revers of resistance by arms….Passive resistance cannot proceed a step without fearlessness…. A would-be warrior will have to observe chastity and to be satisfied with poverty as his lot.” • “I would say to the extremists: ‘Hom Rule for India is not to be had for your asking. Everyone will have to take it for himself…. It would not be proper for you to say that you have obtained Home Rule if you have merely expelled the English.” • “I would say to the moderates: …To say that British rule is indispensable, is almost a denial of the Godhead…. Anarchy under Home Rule were better than orderly foreign rule.”

More Related