DIRECTORATE GENERAL FOR REHABILITATION AND SOCIAL SERVICES THE MINISTRY OF SOCIAL AFFAIRS RI

1. “GENERAL ASPECTS OF VICTIM SUPPORT” Makmur Sunusi, Ph.D DIRECTORATE GENERAL FOR REHABILITATION AND SOCIAL SERVICES THE MINISTRY OF SOCIAL AFFAIRS RI

2. BACKGROUND • Complexity & increasing the number of child trafficking cases, especially • on overseas (returning, repatriating & reintegration) 2. Urgency of special protection efforts on multi aspects, like good medical, psychosocial, and protection from existing law 3. These efforts have to comprehensive-integrative & inter-disciplinary/ inter-profession approaches 4. Urgency of social services which can help child victim based on the best interest for the child.

3. SEVERAL ISSUES • 30% prostitute is child victim of trafficking(Unicef, 1998). • 1.683 trafficking cases detected in the year 2000(Polri, 2000). • 23% from 1,4 million child worker are children(ILO – IPEC, 2001). • 30% from 130.000 – 240.00 Worker of sex commercial are children under 18 year • (ILO, 1998). • 70.000 child victim of trafficking during 10 of this year(Unicef)

4. DEFINITION • Child trafficking is the act of recruitment, transportation, transfer, harbouring or receipt of a child for the purpose of exploitation either within or outside a country • Consent of the child victim to the intended exploitation is irrelevant even if none of the following means have been used: “force, coercion, abduction, deception, abuse of power or actions taken while one is in a state of vulnerability or while one is in the control of another person” • A child victim of trafficking (“child victim”) is any person under 18 years of age

5. THE SCHEME OF CHILD TRAFFICKING PROCESS METHOD PURPOSE • Force • Coercion • Abduction • Deception • Abuse of power • Actions taken while one is in a state of vulnerability or while one is in the control of another person. • Recruitment • Transportation • Transfer • Harbouring • Receipt • The exploitation of the prostitution of others or other forms of sexual exploitation • Forced labour or services • Slavery or practices similar to slavery • Servitude or the removal of organs.

6. SOCIAL MAMPPING OF CHILD TRAFFICKING SENDER AREA TRANSIT AREA DESTINATION AREA Indonesia: Jakarta, Bandung, Batam, Palu, Medan, Surabaya, Makasar, Menado, Timika, Merauke. • Jawa Barat (Indramayu, Sukabumi, Karawang); • Jawa Timur (Jember, Probolinggo), • Kalbar (Singkawang), • Bali, • NTB, • Sulut, • Lampung • Jakarta, • Batam, • Surabaya, • Kaltim, • Kalbar, • Lampung Overseas: Taiwan, Thailand Malaysia, Japan, Singapore, Hongkong.

7. LEGAL BASIS 1. Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) (1989) 2. Optional Protocol to the CRC on the sale of children , child prostitution, and child pornography (2000) 3. Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW) (1979) 4. The Hague Convention 28 on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction (1980) 5. UN Convention Against Transnational Organised Crime (The Palermo Convention) (2000) 6. Annex II – Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persosn, Especially Women and Children, supplementing the United National Convention Against Transnational Organised Crime (The Palermo Trafficking Protocol) (2000) 7. ILO Convention Concerning the Prohibition and Immediate Action for the Elimination of the Worst Forms of Child Labour No. C 182 (1999)

8. THE MINISTRY OF SOCIAL AFFAIRS RI MANDATE Based on Keppres No. 88/2002 aboutNational Action Plan for Elimination of Trafficking in Person, especially Women and Children, The Ministry of Social Affairs have several tasks : • Preparing of protection home • Preparing of trauma and crisis centre • Increasing the function of social rehabilitating agency • Increasing the function of family consulting agency • Social advocacy for family of the child victim

9. POLICY, STRATEGY AND PROGRAM 1. Policy • Strengthening the quality of child welfare services. • Developing a networking among related party on child protection. • Increasing of social responsibility of the communities. 2. Strategi • Social security and protection. • Law enforcement • Increasing of awareness and social participation. • Increasing cooperation among local, national, regional and international institution.

10. 3. Program • Collecting data and information about child trafficking. • Socialization UU No. 23/2002 about Child Protection on vulnerable/sending area. • Comprehensive-integrative approach on every efforts for handling child victim (Medical, psychosocial & protection from existing law). • Providing direct services and protection for child victim (Returning, repatriating & social reintegration). • Increasing the professional quality of workers. • Providing a proper budget for handling child victim. • Developing a networking on child victim support.

11. IMPLEMENTATION OF MANDATE • Dissemination and socialization of the laws and regulations concerned with child protection, trafficking issues, CSEC, etc. • Developing cooperation inter-sectors/inter-countries on returning, repatriating & social reintegration. • Facilitating and assistances the developing of networking for child protection on national level. • Pilot project for developing professional approach (Protection Home/RPSA at Bambu Apus-Jakarta). • Improving the competency of workers/counselors on child protection. • Family empowerment : vocational training and providing capital as a stimulant. • Child empowerment : vocational training, providing capital as a stimulant and education support.

12. CHILD VICTIM SUPPORT • Temporary Shelter • Protection Home • Children’s Home for Protection and Rehabilitation • Returning, Repatriating & Social Reintegration • Other Services (cooperating with NGO’s, RPK, PKT, Hospital, LBH, Police, Crisis Centre, Shelter-shelter, etc.)

13. CHILD TRAFFICKING CASES • Reunification for 18 child victim of trafficking to Nias-Sumut • Reunification for 14 child victim of trafficking to their families (Cilacap, Pontianak, Lampung & Aceh) • Collaborative with Jakarta Police Department : a. 5 cases child trafficking (baby) on Singapore of the year 2005. b. 25 babies already saved from child trafficking and almost 22 babies as child victim. c. Immanuel Foundation cases, 8 babies saved, 80 babies as child victim.

14. DIMENTION OF CHILD VICTIM SUPPORT 1. Providing protection and safety place for child victim 2. Providing support and emergency services for child victim 3. Rehabilitating mental from stress and trauma 4. Supporting for better social functioning of child victim 5. Providing returning, repatriating & social reintegration services to their family, orphanage, or care giver 6. Providing consultancy, advocacy and protection for child victim in their communities

15. PRINCIPLES ON HANDLING CHILD VICTIM 1. SAFETY 2. EFFECTIVE 3. PROFESSIONAL 4. COMPREHENSIVE-INTEGRATIVE 5. HIGH SPEED SERVICES

16. DESTINATION AREA SERVICE PROCESS SENDER CHILD VICTIM NGOs Family Hospital Police Society Family Reunification Protection Home Temporary Shelter

17. TEMPORARY SHELTER REGISTRASI ASSESSMENT IDENTIFICATION Client’s Documentation Central data based Assessment Case conference Plan of Intervention Client’s Reception First interview Eligibility Decision Placement 1 month BRIEF COUNSELING PHYSICAL RECOVERY REFERRAL TO THE EXPERT Ventilation technique, etc Medical treatment Physical therapy Treatment by Experts Protection Home TERMINATION

18. PROTECTION HOME FAMILY TRACING PSHYCOSOCIAL INTERVENTION Therapy Relaxation Nourishment, etc Contact/ Telephone Home Visit ONE– SIX MONTH FOLLOW-UP ACTION FAMILY REUNIFICATION Monitoring Durable solution plan Home visit Family counseling reunification

19. DEVELOPING EFFORTS 1. Training to entire professional worker concerning on handling child victim while on returning and repatriating from destination area (identification, registeration, assessment, etc.) 2. Training to entire professional worker on Protection Home concerning an effectiveness handling of child victim 3. Training for leader and administration staff of Protection Home 4. Training for social worker from many institutions whose care about child protection and child victim support

20. CONSTRAINTS: • DATA BASED OF CHILD VICTIM • LACK OF COORDINATION AT THE NATIONAL LEVEL • DIFFICULTIES ON RETURNING & REPATRIATING FROM DESTINATION AREA/OTHER COUNTRIES (PROCEDURES, ADDRESS NOT CLEAR, REJECTED BY CHILD VICTIM, ETC.) • LACK OF PROFESSIONAL SOCIAL WORKER • LACK OF AWARENESS AND PARTICIPATION • WEAK OF LAW ENFORCEMENT

21. NEXT STEPS: • SOSIALIZATION ABOUT CHILD PROTECTION ON EVERY LEVEL OF COMMUNITIES • URGENCY FOCAL POINT ON EVERY SECTOR • COORDINATION ON PERIODICAL MEETING AT THE NATIONAL LEVEL • COOPERATION ON RETURNING & REPATRIATING CHILD VICTIM FROM DESTINATION AREA/OTHER CONTRIES • CAPACITY BUILDING FOR SOCIAL WORKER WHOSE HANDLING OF CHILD VICTIM • REPLICATION OF HOME PROTECTION ON TO 10 PROVINCES (ESPECIALLY ON KALBAR : HIGH NUMBER OF CASES, FRONTIER AREA WITH MALAYSIA, MANY OF PATHS, ETC.)

22. Thank You