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Predicting Products

Predicting Products. (AKA: Soap opera Chemistry). Why are we learning this?. Chemistry Standard #3A: Students know how to describe and balance chemical reactions. Five types of reactions:. Synthesis (Combination) Decomposition Single Replacement Double Replacement Combustion.

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Predicting Products

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  1. Predicting Products (AKA: Soap opera Chemistry)

  2. Why are we learning this? Chemistry Standard #3A: Students know how to describe and balance chemical reactions

  3. Five types of reactions: • Synthesis (Combination) • Decomposition • Single Replacement • Double Replacement • Combustion

  4. 1. Synthesis (or Combination) 2 or more substances react to form 1 product A + B  AB

  5. The soap opera begins . . . Rob + Sally  Rob/Sally  +

  6. Demo #1: Synthesis Reaction Mg(s) + O2(g) Remember to balance the equation! 2 MgO(s) 2

  7. 2. Decomposition A compound breaks down into simpler substances. -requires heat, light, electricity, or a chemical catalyst AB  A + B

  8. Drama with Rob and Sally . . . + Sally Rob/Sally  Rob  +

  9. Demo #2: Decomposition Reaction _C12H22O11+_ KNO3(s) Remember to balance the equation! __CO2(g) + __H2 O(g)

  10. 3. Single Replacement Reaction Atoms in single element replace atoms incompounds • Can be cationic or anionic . . . • A metal replaces the cation in the compound • A nonmetal replaces the anion in the compound Cationic SR: Ais a metal element, B is cation (+) A +BC AC + B Anionic SR: Cis a non-metal element, D is anion (-) C+BDBC+ D

  11. How can you know if one metal will displace another? reactive metal replaces any below it. Will this React? Mg + ZnCl2 Will this React? Mg + CaCl2 YES ! • MgCl2 + Zn NR

  12. Along comes Brian . . . Brian + Rob/Sally  + Rob Brian/Sally +  +

  13. Demo #3: Single Replacement Reaction Cu(s) + AgNO3(aq)  Ag(s)+ CuNO3(aq) Cu(s) + AgNO3(aq) Ag(s) + CuNO3(aq) Mg(s) +CuNO3(aq) Cu(s)+ Mg(NO3)(aq) Grey blue aqueous reddish clear aqueous metalsolution metal solution

  14. 4. Double Replacement Reaction Compounds exchange cations AB + CD CB + AD

  15. Drama at the prom . . . Brian/Pam + Rob/Sally Rob/Pam + Brian/Sally  + + 

  16. Demo #5: Double Replacement Reaction Cu(NO3)2(aq)+ NaOH(aq) Cu(OH)2(aq) + NaNO3 2 2 Remember to balance the equation!

  17. An element/compound reacts with O2 producing heat &/or light. Example: Mg(s) + O2(g)  MgO(s) with hydrocarbons yielding CO2 and H2O Example: C3H8 + O2 CO2 + H2O 5. Combustion

  18. Oh No!  The Soap opera Ends  Brian + O2 CO2 + H2O (A hydrocarbon)

  19. Demo#6: Combustion __C3H7OH + __O2 __CO2 + __ H2O Propanol Remember to balance the equation!

  20. Six types of chemical reaction • Combustion • Synthesis • Decomposition • Single Displacement • Double Displacement • Acid-base

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