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Predicting Products

Learn how to predict products in chemical reactions including synthesis, decomposition, single replacement, double replacement, and combustion. Follow the drama between elements like Rob, Sally, and Brian in this engaging exploration of Chemistry Standard #3A. Perfect for understanding and balancing chemical equations!

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Predicting Products

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  1. Predicting Products (AKA: Soap opera Chemistry)

  2. Why are we learning this? Chemistry Standard #3A: Students know how to describe and balance chemical reactions

  3. Five types of reactions: • Synthesis (Combination) • Decomposition • Single Replacement • Double Replacement • Combustion

  4. 1. Synthesis (or Combination) 2 or more substances react to form 1 product A + B  AB

  5. The soap opera begins . . . Rob + Sally  Rob/Sally  +

  6. Demo #1: Synthesis Reaction Mg(s) + O2(g) Remember to balance the equation! 2 MgO(s) 2

  7. 2. Decomposition A compound breaks down into simpler substances. -requires heat, light, electricity, or a chemical catalyst AB  A + B

  8. Drama with Rob and Sally . . . + Sally Rob/Sally  Rob  +

  9. Demo #2: Decomposition Reaction _C12H22O11+_ KNO3(s) Remember to balance the equation! __CO2(g) + __H2 O(g)

  10. 3. Single Replacement Reaction Atoms in single element replace atoms incompounds • Can be cationic or anionic . . . • A metal replaces the cation in the compound • A nonmetal replaces the anion in the compound Cationic SR: Ais a metal element, B is cation (+) A +BC AC + B Anionic SR: Cis a non-metal element, D is anion (-) C+BDBC+ D

  11. How can you know if one metal will displace another? reactive metal replaces any below it. Will this React? Mg + ZnCl2 Will this React? Mg + CaCl2 YES ! • MgCl2 + Zn NR

  12. Along comes Brian . . . Brian + Rob/Sally  + Rob Brian/Sally +  +

  13. Demo #3: Single Replacement Reaction Cu(s) + AgNO3(aq)  Ag(s)+ CuNO3(aq) Cu(s) + AgNO3(aq) Ag(s) + CuNO3(aq) Mg(s) +CuNO3(aq) Cu(s)+ Mg(NO3)(aq) Grey blue aqueous reddish clear aqueous metalsolution metal solution

  14. 4. Double Replacement Reaction Compounds exchange cations AB + CD CB + AD

  15. Drama at the prom . . . Brian/Pam + Rob/Sally Rob/Pam + Brian/Sally  + + 

  16. Demo #5: Double Replacement Reaction Cu(NO3)2(aq)+ NaOH(aq) Cu(OH)2(aq) + NaNO3 2 2 Remember to balance the equation!

  17. An element/compound reacts with O2 producing heat &/or light. Example: Mg(s) + O2(g)  MgO(s) with hydrocarbons yielding CO2 and H2O Example: C3H8 + O2 CO2 + H2O 5. Combustion

  18. Oh No!  The Soap opera Ends  Brian + O2 CO2 + H2O (A hydrocarbon)

  19. Demo#6: Combustion __C3H7OH + __O2 __CO2 + __ H2O Propanol Remember to balance the equation!

  20. Six types of chemical reaction • Combustion • Synthesis • Decomposition • Single Displacement • Double Displacement • Acid-base

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