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STATE UNIVERSITY OF MALANG

GRAMMAR. A.N. AFANDI, S.T., M.T. kenarook@yahoo.com. MALANG JOINT CAMPUS. ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT. STATE UNIVERSITY OF MALANG.

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STATE UNIVERSITY OF MALANG

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  1. GRAMMAR A.N. AFANDI, S.T., M.T. kenarook@yahoo.com MALANG JOINT CAMPUS ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT STATE UNIVERSITY OF MALANG

  2. Netherlands East Indies Railway Company (NEIR) built railways in Indonesia in 1867. The first traject line from Semarang to Tanggung. Then Jakarta to Surabaya was connected a railway. This trip took three days and faster than cow carriage. Although this seems like along time today but travelling was very important before. At present a train is powered by coal or fuel.

  3. Analysing Text paragraphs sentences clauses groups / phrases Words/Vocabulary

  4. Classification of Words Nouns Verbs Prepositions Determiners Conjunctions Pronouns Adjectives Adverbs table, chair, love, Stalin, Eiffel Tower have, be, do, jump, swim, seem in, of, with, between, on top of the, a, an, my, your, this, those and, but, so, as, because this, those, whose, mine big, blue, smart, tall, brick-built fast, quickly, successfully

  5. Conjunctions Conjunctions join words, phrases or clauses in a sentence. A Coordinating conjunction joins together words or clause of equal value. and, but, so, as, because, etc

  6. Articles There are two kinds of article: indefinite ‘a’ and ‘an’, definite ‘the’ The article ‘the’ is used to indicate a thing that has been identified The article ‘a’ is used before a word beginning with consonant sound The article ‘an’ is used before a word beginning with a vowel sound a an the

  7. Adverbs Answer the questions How, where, when & why

  8. Prepositions above, over on to in from through into out of by below, under ‘in’ used to indicate time: month, year, season, cities, country, town ‘on’ used to: street, floor, days, date ‘at’ used to: address, exact time

  9. Clauses Can you remember Who That Whom Where When Why whose I recommended This is the house Susan was born

  10. Active and Passive Voice Active Voice The policemanchasesthe thief The thief is chased by the policeman The policemanchasedthe thief The thief was chased by the policeman Passive Voice

  11. Active and Passive Voice The policemanischasingthe thief The policemanhaschasedthe thief The policeman will chase the thief The thief isbeing chased by the policeman The thief hasbeen chased by the policeman The thief willbe chased by the policeman

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