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The World War 1 Years. Imperialism in Africa. Many major nations were in races to build colonies throughout the world This was known as IMPERIALISM The continent of Africa was a prime target for its resources. Imperialism in Africa (cont’d).
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Imperialism in Africa • Many major nations were in races to build colonies throughout the world • This was known as IMPERIALISM • The continent of Africa was a prime target for its resources
Imperialism in Africa (cont’d) • The African people were exploited (taken advantage of) and forced to collect resources • By 1914 only 2 African nations – Liberia & Ethiopia – remained independent.
Pan-Africanism • Angry at this imperialism, people joined in protest • Among them was W.E.B. Dubois initiated the idea that: • People of African heritage around the globe should work together to achieve freedom & equality
African-Americans in WW1 • 92nd Infantry arrived in France in 1918. • Used mainly to build roads. Some fought against Germans. • 93rd Division’s 369th Infantry = “Harlem Hell Fighters” • 1st all-black U.S. Combat unit overseas
African-Americans in WW1 • British & American Soldiers refused to fight with the “Harlem Hell Fighters” • French were used to fighting with African’s from their colonies • 369th were then integrated (mixed in) with the French troops
369th Achievements • The unit spent 191 days fighting on the front lines • Became 1st Allied unit to fight through enemy lines to Rhine River in Germany • 171 members received “Legion of Honor”, France’s highest award • 1500 Harlem Hell Fighters died in combat
Black Nurses • Weren’t used until just before end of the war • September 1918 – worldwide flu epidemic broke out • 18 black nurses sent to Ohio & Illinois tended both white & black patients
The Great War ends • WW1 ended the 11th hour of the 11th day of the 11th month • Blacks received little recognition for their efforts during the war • Blacks refused to march in the back of a victory parade