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Where have we been…. Communication science, vision, cogintion Map users Activities and tasks Deconstruction – role of the state Web mapping mapping history teaching spatial concepts to children Community mapping VGI. VGI…. What is it? Citizens as censors, the world volunteered….
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Where have we been… • Communication science, vision, cogintion • Map users • Activities and tasks • Deconstruction – role of the state • Web mapping • mapping history • teaching spatial concepts to children • Community mapping • VGI
VGI… What is it? Citizens as censors, the world volunteered…
VGI Evolution 1. Historical Map Place names
VGI Evolution 2. Gazetteer Place name lists And associated maps
VGI Evolution • From the State run geographic information to: • User-generated geographic information • Wikimapia (like fllickr referencing photos) • Google Earth • Openstreetmap
Openstreetmap • Started 2004 by Steve Coast in England • Walk, bike, hike, drive recording tracks with a GPS • Recording redrawn on a computer, additional info added (street names0 • Uploaded into a central database • Problems?
Openstreetmap • Many cities mapped to a level of detail greater than google maps (or Yahoo or Microsoft). • Data more current than many other offerings • Opencyclemap • Special versions • topo map integration, • kml export for import into Google Earth • Export to shape files • Wikiprojecthaitihttp://haiti.openstreetmap.nl/
VGI terminology • Web 2.0 – real applications running on the web - broad, diffuse, interacts with many people simultaneously, real time collaboration • Humans as sensors: satellites, openstreetmap GPS • Citizen science: bird counts, e-flora • Participant populations: truckers, farmers • Early warnings: Indian ocean tsunami, hurricane Katrina emergency response
VGI questions • Why do people do this? • Authority? • Standards = authority = state mapping agencies • Google maps… • Digital divide versus ‘open’ data
VGI value • Learn about remote places • Plan trips • Provide background, travellogs • Cheap source of geographic info • Military and commercial intelligence… • Local activities about local people in geographic locations that go unnoticed • Life at the local level – interesting lasting compelling value to geographers.