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Human Body Anatomy and Physiology

Explore the anatomy and physiology of the human body, from tissues to organ systems. Learn about epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous tissues, as well as the skeletal, muscular, circulatory, and other vital systems.

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Human Body Anatomy and Physiology

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  1. Human BodyAnatomy and Physiology • Biology ( large branch of science) • Study of all forms of life (plants, animals and humans) • Anatomy • Shape and structure • Relationship of one body part to another • Physiology • Function • Coordinate to form a complete living organism 1.01 Remember structural organization

  2. Branches of Anatomy • Gross Anatomy • Large, easily observable structures • Naked eye • Microscopic Anatomy • Small structures with use of microscope • Cytology (cells) • Histology (tissues) • Developmental Anatomy • Growth and development throughout lifetime • Embryology (fertilized egg to birth) • Comparative Anatomy • Comparing humans to animals • Systematic Anatomy • Organs or parts of organ system • Dermatology, Endocrinology, Neurology 1.01 Remember structural organization

  3. 1.01 Remember structural organization

  4. 1.01 Remember the body’s structural organization Essential Questions • How is the human body organized? • What are the structural components of the body? • How does the body’s structural organization relate to its support and movement? 1.01 Remember structural organization

  5. Organelles Molecules Atoms or Ions Organ Systems Cells Organs Organism Tissues 1.01 Remember structural organization

  6. Organization of the human body:Tissues Composed of: 1.01 Remember structural organization

  7. Organization of the human body:Tissues Types of tissues: • Epithelial tissue • Connective tissue • Muscle tissue • Nervous tissue 1.01 Remember structural organization

  8. Organization of the human body:Tissues Epithelial Tissue- protects the body by covering internal and external surfaces, and produces secretions • Skin • covers the outside of the body • lines the inside of the body • Membrane • two thin layers of tissue that join together • cells may secrete a fluid 1.01 Remember structural organization

  9. Organization of the human body:Tissues Epithelial tissues SquamousCuboidal Columnar 1.01 Remember structural organization

  10. Organization of the human body:Tissues Connective tissue-supports and connects organs and tissue in the body • Adipose- type of connective tissue that stores fat cells. Cushions, supports and insulates the body • Cartilage- firm, flexible support of the embryonic skeleton and part of the adult skeleton • Tendons- white bands of connective tissue attaching skeletal muscle to bone • Ligaments -strong, flexible bands of connective tissue that hold bones firmly together at the joints 1.01 Remember structural organization

  11. Organization of the human body:Tissues Connective tissue Adipose Fibrocartilage Elastic cartilage 1.01 Remember structural organization

  12. Organization of the human body:Tissues Muscle tissue- contracts and moves a body part • Cardiac • involuntary • contracts the heart muscle to pump blood • Skeletal • voluntary • attached to the movable parts of the skeleton • Smooth • involuntary • provides movement in various body systems (digestive, genitourinary, respiratory tract, blood and lymphatic vessels 1.01 Remember structural organization

  13. Organization of the human body:Tissues Muscle tissue Cardiac Skeletal Smooth 1.01 Remember structural organization

  14. Organization of the human body:Tissues • Nervous tissue- reacts to stimulation and conducts an impulse • Neurons in brain, spinal cord and nerves 1.01 Remember structural organization

  15. Organization of the human body:Tissues Nervous tissue Neuron 1.01 Remember structural organization

  16. Organ Systems 1.01 Remember structural organization

  17. Skeletal System Gives shape Protects structures Muscle attachment Blood formation Stores minerals Skull Spinal column Ribsand sternum Shoulder girdle Extremities Pelvic girdle 1.01 Remember structural organization

  18. Muscular System Posture Body heat Movement Skeletal Cardiac Smooth 1.01 Remember structural organization

  19. Circulatory System Carries oxygen and nourishment to cells Brings waste from cells Heart Arteries Veins Capillaries Click here to hear heartbeat 1.01 Remember structural organization

  20. Lymphatic System Lymph fluid Lymphatic vessels Lymph nodes Spleen Thymus gland Provides body’s defense 1.01 Remember structural organization

  21. Respiratory System Aquires oxygen Rids body of carbon dioxide Nose Pharynx Larynx Trachea Bronchi Lungs 1.01 Remember structural organization

  22. Digestive System Mouth Pharynx Esophagus Stomach Intestines Liver Gallbladder Pancreas Prepares food for use by body cells 1.01 Remember structural organization

  23. Integumentary System Body temperature Protective barrier Eliminate waste Vitamin D synthesis Receptors for pain, pressure and temperature Epidermis Dermis Sweat glands Oil glands 1.01 Remember structural organization

  24. Nervous System Brain Nerves Spinal cord Communicates Controls body activity Coordinates body activity 1.01 Remember structural organization

  25. Sensory System The Skin The Tongue 1.01 Remember structural organization

  26. Urinary System Filtering blood Ridding body of waste products Kidneys Bladder Ureters Urethra 1.01 Remember structural organization

  27. Endocrine System Manufacture hormones to regulate organ activity As shown in photo 1.01 Remember structural organization

  28. Reproductive System Reproduces human beings • Male Female Organs as shown 1.01 Remember structural organization

  29. Structural organization units 1.01 Remember structural organization

  30. Structural organization units Anatomical position Standing erect, face forward, arms at side, palms forward 1.01 Remember structural organization

  31. Structural organization units Anatomical position http://www.wisc-online.com/Objects/ViewObject.aspx?ID=AP15305 Important in determining specific locations of a structure or organ, or the relative position of one body part to another. 1.01 Remember structural organization

  32. Structural organization units Directional terms See Handout 1.01 Remember structural organization

  33. Structural organization units Directional terms See Handout 1.01 Remember structural organization

  34. Structural organization units • Directional terms • See Handout 1.01 Remember structural organization

  35. Structural organization units Body planes See Handout http://www.wisc-online.com/Objects/ViewObject.aspx?ID=AP15605 1.01 Remember structural organization

  36. Structural organization units Body cavities http://www.wisc-online.com/Objects/ViewObject.aspx?ID=AP15505 1.01 Remember structural organization

  37. Abdominal Quadrants 1.01 Remember structural organization

  38. Abdominal Regions 1.01 Remember structural organization

  39. 1.01 Remember structural organization Essential Questions • How is the human body organized? • What are the structural components of the body? • How does the body’s structural organization relate to its support and movement? 1.01 Remember structural organization

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