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World War II 1939-1945

World War II 1939-1945. Adolf Hitler begins to create an empire March 1936: reoccupied the Rhineland March 1938: Anschluss of Austria. Preview and Processing. Listen to the speech being given by British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain in 1938. What is he talking about?

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World War II 1939-1945

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  1. World War II1939-1945

  2. Adolf Hitler begins to create an empire • March 1936: reoccupied the Rhineland • March 1938: Anschluss of Austria

  3. Preview and Processing • Listen to the speech being given by British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain in 1938. • What is he talking about? • What does he believe that he has achieved? • What do you think about his willingness to negotiate?

  4. Munich Conference (9-29-1938) Sudetenland Prime Minister of GB=Neville Chamberlain Ok to SUD. & Hitler promised to leave Czechoslovakia alone “peace in our time” 6 mos. Later Hitler took Czechoslovakia stating “Czechoslovakia has ceased to exist”

  5. April 28, 1939: wanted Polish Corridor= Danzig GB &FR said they would defend Poland Nonaggression Pact: GER & USSR pledge not to attack ea. Other Stalin would share territory taken over: Poland & Baltic nations 2 front war War Begins: European Arena

  6. August 31, 1939 • GER soldiers dress in polish uniforms & pretended to seize a GER radio station • Sept. 1, 1939 • Poland invaded by GER: 3 days • Blitzkrieg: “lightening war” ( Civil War in Spain: July 1936= Francisco Franco=practice for Hitler) • FR & GB declared war

  7. Making the Connection • Can you recite the correct order of territory given to or taken by Hitler from 1936 to Sept. 1, 1939? • Rhineland • Austria • Sudetenland • Czechoslovakia • Poland

  8. Interactive Map: Pay close attention to the territory taken by Hitler

  9. Scandinavia • Luftwaffe • Head West • GB Prime Minister Winston Churchill: “I have nothing to offer but blood, toil, tears and sweat.”

  10. The Maginot Line

  11. France: Maginot Line Belgium Dunkirk: get GB’s soldiers out: 338,000 Italy enter war June 16, 1940 Marshall Henri Petain June 22, 1940 FR divided: N=GER control S= Vichy FR Underground Charles de Gaulle

  12. GB GER launched Operation Sea Lion RAF: 700 planes; 1400 pilots Radar: Ultra Battle of Britain: July 1940 (6 mos) RAF bombed Berlin: Hitler angry! London: 300 to 600 killed a day 1,000 to 3,000 injured a day Hitler w/ drew

  13. “Never was so much owed by so many to so few.” Churchill

  14. The US response • Edward R. Murrow • Cash and carry • 1940 Selective Service Act • Arming merchant ships & using navy to protect British ships • Undeclared naval war w/ GER

  15. Meanwhile in the USSR…. • USSR • June 22,1940: GER invaded • Winter

  16. Making the Connection • Why did Hitler decide to invade the USSR? • What factors will affect Germany’s success on the Eastern Front? • Why does Stalin hold a grudge against Hitler?

  17. The Pacific Arena

  18. Japan • Hirohito • FDR: J not to take over China • J went after US interest in Pacific (i.e. Philippines) • FDR banned shipment of US fuel, scrap iron & steel to J (embargo) • Pull out of China & admit defeat • Get needed material by going after Indochina, Malaya & e. Indies wh/ = war w/ US

  19. J decided to attack 1st • US not ready for war • Member of Axis powers • Reasons what the US did not think J would attack • Magic • Negotiations • Shallow H2O port / targets

  20. December 7, 1941 • Pacific Fleet • 18 ships: 8 battleships • 2403 AM died • 1,000+ wounded • J 29 planes; 1 sub • FDR “A date which will live infamy.”

  21. Yamamoto (Naval Commander) “I fear we have awakened a sleeping giant.” Making the Connection • What do you think Yamamoto meant? • What event did he unknowingly foreshadow?

  22. January 1942: Philippines Bataan Death March 5,000 miles N-S: 6,000 miles E=W Douglas MacArthur “I shall return.”

  23. Allies • Midway: Admiral Chester W. Nimitz • 6-3-1942: 322 J planes, 4 aircraft carriers, other ships • Island Hopping: Douglas MacArthur

  24. The War Coming to an End

  25. North Africa • Suez Canal: Mideast oil fields • GER General: Erwin Rommel: Desert Fox • GB General: Bernard Montgomery • US General: Dwight D. Eisenhower • Oct. 1942: Rommel lost 60,000 Men, 500 tanks, 400 lg. artillery pieces in 1 week • Battle of El Alamein • May 1943= Allied victory

  26. USSR • GER there 2 yrs • Battle of Stalingrad August 1942 • House to house fighting • GER in control then winter came again • Georgi Zhukov: surrounded Stalingrad & cut off supplies • Jan. 31, 1943 GER surrendered 280,000-91,000 • GER now on defensive

  27. Italy • July 9, 1943: Sicily • Mussolini forced to resign • 7-25-1943 arrested • Pietro Badoglio: changed sides • GER occupied Italy • (Mussolini executed: 4-28-1945)

  28. France • Dwight D. Eisenhower • 2 mil GB, US, Canadian w/ 1 mil “extra” for sea & air support • Invasion of Normandy: D-Day • June 6, 1944 • Lgest. Amphibious attack to date • 8-24-1944: Allies entered Paris

  29. Germany 2 front war Hitler Killed himself 4-30-1945 May 7, 1945 war over =V-E Day US FDR died 4-12-1945: Harry S. Truman

  30. Making the Connection • Who were the Big Three? • List the leaders that died in April of 1945. • List the countries that experience a change in leadership in 1945. • Who took over after Winston Churchill? • Clement Atlee

  31. Japan • Iwo Jima: Okinawa • Kamikaze • 8-6-1945: “Little Boy” dropped on J City of Hiroshima: 343,000 or 2/3 of population instantly vaporized. 80,000 due to heat many more in years to follow from radiation poisoning. • 8-9-1945: Nagasaki: 40,000 killed • 9-2-1945: Missouri=V-J Day

  32. Effects of WWII on the United States and the World

  33. Effects of WWII • 40 million deaths • USSR lost 20 mil • Ger 4.2 mil • Poles 4.3 mil • Chinese 2.2 mil • Japan 2 mil • US 291,000 killed; 670,000 wounded

  34. Holocaust • Heinrich Himmler: SS commander • mobile killing units 1.4 mil • Ghettos: Polish Jews • i.e. Warsaw Ghetto: ½ mil: 10,000 • Death Camps • Genocide • 30 camps • Auschwitz: 1.75 mil; 6,500 a day • Dachau & Buchenwald • Postcards home

  35. Annihilation of the Jewish Population of Europe by Country: *Occupied Nations Shown in Red

  36. Interactive Map: Pay close attention to the map and the beginning of the cold war.

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