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World War II

World War II. the Rise of Dictators. What if you were dictator of a country…?. How would you run the country? Laws? (at least 5) Government agencies? (at least 3) Things to consider… How would you keep the people happy? How would you curtail criticism?

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World War II

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  1. World War II the Rise of Dictators

  2. What if you were dictator of a country…? • How would you run the country? • Laws? (at least 5) • Government agencies? (at least 3) • Things to consider… • How would you keep the people happy? • How would you curtail criticism? • How would you treat political dissenters?

  3. Totalitarianism • Expected active loyalty and commitment • control of political, economic, social and cultural aspects of life • led by a single leader & party • not interested in individual freedom (civil liberties) • used modern technology & propaganda

  4. PREDICT: Why do you think people like Adolf Hitler were able to rise to power after WWI?

  5. Totalitarian Dictator:Benito Mussolini Country and Party: • Italy • Fascist Party • Fascism • IT 1st (Fascio di Combattimento) • extreme nationalism “The foundation of Fascism is the conception of the State, its character, its duty, and its aim. Fascism conceives of the State as an absolute, in comparison with which all individuals or groups are relative, only to be conceived of in their relation to the State.”

  6. What makes Mussolini a totalitarian dictator? • Squadristi or Blackshirts • Bands of armed Fascists • Attacked political opposition • Violence to break up strikes • Liked by middle-class to wealthy • Wanted more land

  7. Il Duce • 1922 – threatened to march on Rome • Victor Emmanuel III made BM prime minister • Right to suspend publications that criticized • Catholic Church • Monarchy • State • Prime minister = head of gov’t; laws by decree • Police given unrestricted authority • Outlawed all political parties • Secret police = OVRA

  8. Totalitarian Dictator:Josef Stalin Country and Party: • Soviet Union (USSR = Union of Soviet Socialist Republics) • Communist Party

  9. What makes Stalin a totalitarian dictator? • Continued Lenin’s Communist Dictatorship • Eliminated Bolsheviks from the Politburo • Command Economy: -5-year plans to build industry -Collectivization of farms to increase food production

  10. What makes Stalin a totalitarian dictator? • Used secret police to arrest those who didn’t agree with Communism -”Great Purge” of rival party leaders • Labor camps in Siberia • Censored literature, music, movies and art • Banned religion

  11. Totalitarian Dictators:Emperor Hirohito and General Hediki Tojo I am the brains behind the operations… Two words… Pearl Harbor. Country: • Japan I am the Emperor! I hold all the power! Really….I make all the decisions! General Hideki Tojo Emperor Hirohito

  12. What makes Hirohito and Tojo totalitarian dictators? • Increased militarism • Industrialization leads to drive for raw materials (natural resources) • Invasion of Korea, Manchuria, and the rest of China!

  13. Manchurian (Mudken) Incident, 1919 • Japan blows up part of its OWN railroad line in Manchuria… • Japanese officials blame the Chinese for the destruction of the RR • Use this as an excuse to occupy S. Manchuria

  14. Totalitarian Dictator:Adolf Hitler Country and Party: • Germany • National Socialist (Nazi Party)

  15. What makes Hitler a totalitarian dictator? • Anti-Semitism propoganda • Inflation and depression blamed on Jews! • Promotion of the perfect Aryan Race (blond hair, blue eyes=perfect German race!)

  16. What makes Hitler a totalitarian dictator? • Weakening of Democratic government • Extreme nationalism= National Socialism (Nazism) • German occupation of Czechoslovakia and invasion of Poland for expansion of Aryan race

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