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How Do Muscles Work?

How Do Muscles Work?. Types of Movement. Flexion:. The decreasing of an angle between bones. One of the bones of the joint moves towards the other bone. Extension:. The opposite action to flexion. When the angle is increased between two bones. Abduction:.

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How Do Muscles Work?

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  1. How Do Muscles Work?

  2. Types of Movement.

  3. Flexion: • The decreasing of an angle between bones. • One of the bones of the joint moves towards the other bone.

  4. Extension: • The opposite action to flexion. • When the angle is increased between two bones.

  5. Abduction: • The movement of a limb or bone away from the body. • HINT – Abduction = to take away.

  6. Adduction: • The movement of a limb or bone towards the body. • HINT - Adduction = to add to the body.

  7. Rotation: • A turning movement around a central point.

  8. Circumduction: • A movement which causes part of the body to form a complete circle.

  9. Muscles move by contracting.

  10. What happens when muscles contract? • A muscle has to pull for contraction to occur. • The muscle pulls on the bone to make it move • Muscles cannot push to make movement happen.

  11. Muscles work in pairs.

  12. The working muscles. • This is the muscle that contracts to allow movement. The relaxing muscles. • When one muscle contracts, another relaxes to allow the movement to occur.

  13. Muscles work in pairs. E.g - The arm: A flexed arm

  14. How are muscles attached to bones?

  15. Via Tendons. • Tendons join the voluntary muscles to the skeleton. • When the muscle contracts, the tendon pulls on the bone it is attached to and moves the bone.

  16. Where do they attach? • Each muscle has an ORIGIN and an INSERTION. • The origin is where the tendon of a muscle is anchored to a fixed point on the skeleton. • The insertion is where the tendon is attached to the bone we want to move.

  17. E.g – Biceps & triceps action: Origin of bicep – • The top of the scapula • The glenoid cavity (in the shoulder). Insertion of bicep – • Near the elbow, in the radius.

  18. Activity!

  19. Turn to page 26 in your text books. Use it to help you label the origin, insertion & muscles on the diagrams. Stick these in your work books underneath the definitions of a tendon, origin & insertion.

  20. Homework! Get out your planners.

  21. To complete the sheet about muscles, how they move & how they are attached. • To be completed over the xmas holidays & brought into the 1st lesson back. • Don’t forget – a quick test that 1st lesson – so use it to help with revision!

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