Resource Development Centre, New Delhi

1. ROAD SAFETY AWARENESS PROGRAMME Supported by: Department of Road Transport & Highways Govt. of India, New Delhi Organized by: Resource Development Centre, New Delhi

2. WHY ROAD SAFETY AWARENESS? • Why road safety awareness is important? • Causes of road accidents? • Your duties and responsibilities on the road • Precautions and preventive measures • Road safety guidelines • What to do in a road accident • First aid tips & skills • Road Signs

3. WHAT YOU SHOULD KNOW? • Your life is precious • Road safety is directly related to your health and well being • Causes injuries and death, temporary or permanent handicapness • Carelessness on the road could adversely affect you and others as well

4. Young children and youth – playful, restless, lack of discipline on the roads • Low or no knowledge of road safety rules, regulations, traffic symbols, etc. • Carriers of information and knowledge

5. Important points to remember • Right to life and safety is a fundamental right • Road fatalities- the most important cause of all accidental deaths in India • The magnitude of road accidentsare increasing at an alarming rate • 60% of deaths of road crash victims involve pedestrians • 35% of all pedestrians died in road accidents are children • 95% of all road accidents happen because of road user errors

6. CAUSES OF ROAD ACCIDENTS • Increase of volume of traffic on the roads - pedestrians and vehicles • Limited improvements of: 1. Roads and their designs 2. Traffic lighting systems • Poor maintenance of roads, traffic lights systems, vehicles, etc. • High speed modern vehicles • Lack of speed governors in vehicles

7. Poor driving ability of drivers • Consumption of alcohol by drivers and other road users • Poor knowledge about traffic rules and regulations among the children and general public • Low level of awareness about precautions and accident prevention measures • Poor enforcement of traffic rules and regulations

8. Consequences of road accident • Causes injuries and death • May lead to temporary or permanent handicapness: physical or psychological • Physical and mental agony for you and your family • Huge medical expenses • Litigation • Affect studies and education

9. SAFETY RULES General Guidelines • Ride a bicycle safely • Be alert when using public transport alone

10. General Guidelines (Cont.) • Know the rules of the road and responsibility to fellow road users • Be able to judge speeds and distances • Know simple first aid • Understand traffic lights, road signs, road markings and signals given by drivers and the police • Know when and how to summon help in an emergency • Recognize the need to be visible near and in traffic

11. General Guidelines (Cont.) • Recognize the varying speeds at which different vehicles and people are moving • Be aware of the time involved for vehicles to brake to avoid collision • Understand the effects of adverse weather • Know that traffic rules are not always observed by other road users • Understand which road signs are warnings that must be obeyed and which provide information

12. General Guidelines (Cont.) • Recognize that alcohol, drugs and fatigue contribute to road crashes • Appreciate the needs of special groups - the very young, the old and disabled • Set a good example for other children • Identify and recommend to smaller children safe places to play • Understand that domestic and stray animals on roads cause accidents

13. General Guidelines (Cont.) • Be aware of the dangers of not being seen because of stationary vehicles or other obstructions • Identify safe play areas and learn how to play safely • Recognize and seek people who are present to help cross the road • Use visual and auditory clues to recognize the direction from which traffic is coming • Stop, look and listen before crossing a street • Choose the shortest distance to cross a street

14. General Guidelines (Cont.) • Walk on the left side of the road, use footpath always • Cross the road through zebra crossing, footbridge or subways • Wear light cloth dresses while moving in the night • Walk in queue while boarding a bus • Don’t stand on the foot board of a bus • Don’t peep through the wind screen of a bus/vehicle • Do not play on the road

15. General Guidelines (Cont.) • Do not mix drinking and driving • Use low beam at night • Lane driving is sane driving • Don’t over speed • Respect the right of pedestrians on zebra crossing • Overtake only from right side and avoid overtaking on narrow roads, bridges, intersection, roundabout, across a single or double broken centre line, and while driving on hills

16. General Guidelines (Cont.) • Give way to ambulances, police interceptors, and emergency vehicles • Use the left & right indicators while taking turn • Use wind screen wipers and demisters while driving in fog and rain • Get your vehicle regularly checked • Always wear helmet while on two wheelers • Mobile off and seat belt on

17. SAFETY RULES While walking to school • Always walk on the footpath only • On roads without footpath, walk on the extreme left side of the road • Do not be impatient on the road • Do not rush, run and play on the road

18. While walking to school (Cont.) • Cross only at zebra crossings, traffic signals, subways, foot-over bridges. Where such facilities do not exist, look for safe place to cross • Do not run across the road, as you may slip and fall • When crossing between vehicles parked on the side of the road, remember that you are not visible to the moving traffic. Stop as you appear from behind the vehicle and look for a safe gap before crossing. Remember, drivers need plenty of time to see you and to slow and stop.

19. While walking to school (Cont.) • While crossing a wide road that has central islands, always cross in two stages. Cross to the central island, stop and cross when the next section is clear • While crossing one-way streets, remember that the traffic will usually be moving in a number of lanes and at higher speed. Do not cross unless all lanes clear. • Never cross a road at a corner, as the motorist taking the turn will not be able to see you on time.

20. SAFETY RULES While going by bus to school • Leave home well in time • At the bus stand always follow the queue • Never board and alight at red light crossing or unauthorized bus stop • Do not shout or make noise in the bus

21. SAFETY RULES While going by bus to school (Cont.) • Always hold on to the hand-rail if standing in a moving bus • Do not sit, stand or travel on the foot board of the bus • Do not put any part of body out side the bus • Always adhere to bus safety rules

22. WHAT TO DO IN A ROAD ACCIDENT • Don’t walk by – get involved. don’t be a bystander. • Assess the dangers? (These might be traffic, leaking petrol, broken glass etc) • Make sure that you are safe • Get help from bystanders • Talk to them, Check for a response

23. Check if their airway is clear & open • Remove any obstruction from their mouth • Check if they’re breathing by listening and feeling breath on your cheek. • See if their chest is moving up and down • If they are not breathing, you will need to pump and breathe air into their lungs

24. FIRST AID TIPS AND SKILLS • Burns Pour lots of cold water on the burn for at least 10 minutes. Cover the burn with a sterile dressing • Choking Firstly, encourage coughing. If this doesn't work, give 5 sharp backslaps.  If this fails, perform up to 5 abdominal thrusts. Alternate between back slaps and abdominal thrusts

25. Recovery position for unconscious (still breathing) Roll them onto their side. Tilt the head back so the person can breathe. • Unconscious - no signs of life • Perform artificial breathing and compressions on the chest • Continue to repeat 2 breaths and 15 compressions till help arrives

26. In case of wound • Clean the wound by washing them with running water • Remove splinters, thorns and piecesof glassfrom the wound

27. In case of profuse bleeding • Apply direct pressure with a clean folded clothon the wound to stop bleeding • In case of fracture • Do not apply direct pressure • Apply a gentle pressure bandage

28. In case of abdomen or chest injury • Cover the wound with a very wet clean cloth and get the patient quickly to a hospital. • In case of chest injury, cover of the wound with a piece of polythene and put a bandage on the top of this.

29. In case part of a limb is cut off • Put it inside a clean polythene bag and place this bag in another bag with cold water • If you can easily get ice put some in the water to keep it cool • Make sure that the limb does not get soaked in water

30. If nothing else is available, carry the amputated part in a clean cloth quickly to hospital • In case of an eye wound • Cover the eye with a clean soft cloth • Place a stiff covering on top to prevent any pressure coming on the eye

31. In case of bleeding from ear • Avoid putting anything in the ears to stop bleeding • Get the patient to lie down with the injured ear facing down • In case bleeding from nose • Pinch the nose and breathe through mouth • If the patient is unconscious he should lie with the face to one side

32. In case of injuries to muscles, bones and joints • Apply cold water or ice packs if available • Do not keep ice packs for more than ten minutes at a stretch • Do not place ice directly on skin • Always wrap it in a cloth first

33. Obey Traffic Rules Be Safe On Road Thank You .. RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT CENTRE 122, Katwaria Sarai, Saheed Jit Singh Marg, New Delhi – 110 016 Ph: 011 – 26525702, 26601460 Fax: 011 – 26962019 E-mail: info@rdcindi.org