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Gross Anatomy Reproductive System 1

Gross Anatomy Reproductive System 1. Harold J. Sheedlo, Ph.D. Department of Cell Biology and Genetics. Arteries of Pelvis and Perineum. Abdominal Aorta Common iliac arteries (L4) External iliac artery Inferior epigastric artery Deep circumflex iliac artery.

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Gross Anatomy Reproductive System 1

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  1. Gross Anatomy Reproductive System 1 Harold J. Sheedlo, Ph.D. Department of Cell Biology and Genetics

  2. Arteries of Pelvis and Perineum • Abdominal Aorta • Common iliac arteries (L4) • External iliac artery • Inferior epigastric artery • Deep circumflex iliac artery

  3. Arteries of Pelvis and Perineum • Abdominal Aorta • Common iliac arteries • Internal iliac artery • Posterior division • Iliolumbar artery • Superior gluteal artery • Lateral sacral arteries

  4. Arteries of Pelvis and Perineum • Internal iliac artery • Anterior division • Obturator artery • Umbilical artery • Vaginal/uterine artery • Inferior vesical artery • Middle rectal artery • Internal pudendal artery • Inferior gluteal artery

  5. Muscles of Pelvis • Piriformis muscle • Obturator internus muscle • Coccygeus muscle • Levator ani muscles • Iliococcygeus muscle • Pubococcygeus muscle • Puborectalis muscle

  6. Muscles of Perineum • Ischiocavernosus muscle • Bulbospongiosus muscle • Sphincter urethrae muscle • Deep transverse perineal muscle • Superficial transverse perineal muscle

  7. Ligaments of Pelvis • Sacrotuberous ligament • Sacrospinous ligament • Suspensory ligament of ovary • Proper ligament of ovary • Broad ligament • Mesometrium • Mesovarium • Mesosalpinx

  8. Ligaments of Pelvis • Round ligament of uterus • Cardinal ligament - uterine vessels

  9. Nerves of Pelvis and Perineum • Lumbosacral trunk (L4, L5) • Sacral plexus - ventral rami of S1, S2, S3 and S4 • Pudendal nerve (S2, S3, S4) • Perineal nerve • Inferior rectal nerve • Dorsal nerve of clitoris or penis • Obturator nerve (L3, L4) • Inferior gluteal nerve (L5, S1, S2) • Superior gluteal nerve (L4, L5, S1)

  10. Veins of Pelvis and Perineum • Inferior vena cava (L5) • Common iliac veins • Internal iliac veins • External iliac veins (femoral vein) • Testicular or ovarian veins (left or right)

  11. Female Organs • Infundibulum of uterine tube • Fimbriae • Ampulla of uterine tube • Isthmus of uterine tube • Uterine part • Uterus • Fundus • Body • Internal os

  12. Female Organs • Cervix • Internal os • External os • Vagina • Fornices • Vestibule • Vulva

  13. Male Organs • Scrotum • Skin • Superficial (Dartos’) fascia • External spermatic fascia • Cremaster muscle • Internal spermatic fascia • Testis • Tunica vaginalis - parietal and visceral layers • Epididymis • Tunica albuginea - seminiferous tubules

  14. Male Organs • Ductus (vas) deferens • Seminal vesicles • Prostate • Ejaculatory ducts • Lobes • Middle - benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) • Posterior - cancer prone

  15. Male Organs • Corpus caverosum (corpora cavernosa) • Corpus spongiosum • Prostatic urethra • Membranous urethra • Spongy urethra

  16. Male and Female Pelvis • Sacrum • Ischial tuberosities • Shape of pelvic inlet • Pelvic inlet to pelvic outlet • Pubic arch • Size of pelvic cavity

  17. Perineum • Boundaries • Anal triangle • Urogenital triangle

  18. Urinary Bladder • Posterior of retropubic space • Apex is anterior • Ureters enter bladder posteroinferior • Trigone - orifices of ureters and uvula of bladder • Interureteric crest • Vesicouterine pouch - female • Rectovesical pouch - male

  19. Rectum • Arterial supply • Superior rectal artery • Middle and inferior rectal arteries • Venous drainage • Superior rectal vein • Middle and inferior rectal veins

  20. Anus • Anal columns • Anal valves • Pectinate line • Upper half and lower half of anal canal joins • Differences • Epithelium (SCE, SSE) • Anal columns • Nervous innervation • Arterial supply (SRA, IRA) • Venous drainage (SRV, IRV) • Lymphatic drainage

  21. Examinations • Rectal examination • Male - prostate, seminal vesicle • Female - cervix • Bimanual examination in female • Uterus • Uterine tube • Ovary

  22. Clinical • Hemorrhoids • Internal - srv • External - irv • Hysterectomy • Uterine artery • Ureter • Vasectomy • Episiotomy • Pudendal nerve block

  23. Practical Examination • 25 gross anatomy and 10 histology • Gross anatomy • 1 x-ray (computer) • 1 cross section (computer) • 9 second order

  24. Practical Examination • Gross anatomy • 3 arteries • 2 nerves • 3 veins • 8 structures or organs • 4 regions • 1 muscle • 2 bones

  25. Practical Examination • Gross anatomy • 7 female structures • 6 first order • 1 second order • 7 male structures • 4 first order • 3 second order • Histology (computer) • 5 female and 5 male • 5 first order • 5 second order

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