World War I – The War To End All Wars

1. World War I – The War To End All Wars US History Objectives: **Explain the causes of World War I SOL – VUS.9 Timeline – 1914-1917

3. Archduke Franz Ferdinand(June 28, 1914) • Heir to the Austria-Hungary (A-H) throne • Shot dead by a Serbian terrorist

4. The Great War Begins • A-H + Serbia have alliances around Europe • All declare war on each other

5. The Players - The Allied Powers • Britain • France • Russia

6. The Players - The Central Powers • Germany • Austria-Hungary (will be abbreviated A-H) • Ottoman Empire (aka: Turkey)

7. A war of attrition

8. A war of attrition

9. The british navy ruled the seas!

10. Trench Warfare

11. President Wilson and World War I(1914-1917) • Stay neutral **it’s a “European” war **make $$$ trading w/ both sides

12. The Sinking of the Lusitania(May 7, 1915) • Boat sunk by German U-boat **smuggling weapons to Britain?? **killed 128 USA

13. The Zimmerman Telegraph(January 1917) • German proposal to Mexico to form an alliance vs. USA **telegraph leaked to America Dear Mexico, If the US becomes involved in the war on the allies side, will you help us? Check: Yes  No  If you do, when we win, you will get back all the land you lost to America during the Mexican-American War. Your BFFL, Germany

14. Declaring War(April 6, 1917) • USA joins the Allied powers

15. “Make the World Safe for Democracy” • USA ties to Britain • Win the war and show the World the power of democracy

16. Mobilization of America(Summer 1917-Spring 1918) • Military Draft • Rationing Goods **conservation days **victory gardens • Buying war bonds

17. America to the Rescue(Spring 1917-November 11, 1918) • Re-energize the Allies **soldiers **war materials

18. Germany in trouble • Losing their Allies **Bulgaria (surrender Sept 29, 1918) **Ottoman Empire (surrender Oct 30, 1918) **Austria-Hungary (surrender Nov 3, 1918) • Afraid the war will move into Germany

19. Armistice Day November 11, 1918 • German surrender “On the eleventh hour of the eleventh day of the eleventh month"

21. The Treaty of Versailles(January 1919) • Allies meet to decide terms of surrender for WWI

22. President Wilson and the 14 Points • Plan to eliminate causes of war

23. Plan:1. Self-Determination • Let displaced ethnic people have their own country **Czechoslavakia **Poland **Yugoslavia **Iran **Iraq

24. Freedom of the Seas • Recognition that all nations should be allowed to travel in international waters safely

25. The Mandate System • Brings an end to winning countries confiscating losing countries territories • Imperialist territories of the Central Powers were governed by the winners under a mandate of the L of N until the territories could govern themselves.

26. The League of Nations • World organization to solve global problems

27. The Allies Agenda was slightly different! • Punish Germany!! • Punish Germany!! • Punish Germany!! • stripped of their colonies (Mandate System) • military limited (German armed forces = 125,000 or less) • Boundaries of German and Austria-Hungary redrawn

28. The War-Guilt Clause • Forced Germany to claim faultfor the war and pay a reparations bill ($33 billion)

29. Yeah……A league of nations WAS created!!!!!

30. Redraw national boundaries • Many new countries were created from the Empires that were at war: • Austria • Hungary • Yugoslavia • Czechoslovakia • Turkey

31. The Senate Hates the League of Nations • Objections to US foreign policy decisions being made by an international organization – not the US leaders **want return to ISOLATIONISM

32. President Wilson on Tour(October 2, 1919) • Wilson goes on a tour promoting his L of N • Suffers a stroke **left bed-ridden

33. The Death of the Treaty of Versailles(March 1920) • US Senate does not ratify the Treaty

34. The League of Nations(1919-1946) • Fails to maintain world peace **no USA leadership **had no real power