Industrial Revolution and Social Changes in European History

1. A.P. European History Conservative Reaction and Reform

2. Economic Advance and Social Unrest Industrial Economy 100 200 300 400 500 Industrial Society 100 200 300 400 500 Industrial Philosophers 100 200 300 400 500 Social Utopians 100 200 300 400 500 Revolutions of 1848 100 200 300 400 500

3. What was the Crystal Palace, originally located in Hyde Park and then moved to Sydenham Hill, it burned down in 1936? MAIN This was the engineering masterpiece that housed the Great Exhibition held in London in 1851 to celebrate progress in industry and technology. 500 400 SUBJECT: Industrial Economy 300 200 100

4. What was the Great Famine or Great Hunger or Irish Potato Famine? (Enough food was exported for profit from Ireland during this period.) This was the worst example of a poor harvest, and occurred in 1845 – 1852 and killed over twenty percent of the population. MAIN 500 400 SUBJECT: Industrial Economy 300 200 100

5. What was proletarianization? MAIN This was the term given to the loss of control by workers in their own trades which minimized their control of the final product. 500 SUBJECT: Industrial Economy 400 300 200 100

6. What was Chartism or the Chartists eventually this movement leads to the formation of the British Labour Party? This was the name given to the movement in Great Britain which urged universal manhood suffrage, a secret ballot, no property qualifications, annual elections, equal voting districts and pay for members of Parliament. MAIN 500 400 300 SUBJECT: Industrial Economy 200 100

7. What was the Liverpool to Manchester Railway or the L&MR as it became known to locals? MAIN This was the railway constructed in 1829-1830 by George Stephenson and where the Rocket won the competition for locomotives and where his entry The Rocket killed a member of Parliament that wandered onto the track. 500 400 SUBJECT: Industrial Economy 300 200 100

8. What was the Northern Star? MAIN This was the name of the newspaper published by the London Working Men’s Association. 500 400 SUBJECT:Industrial Society 300 200 100

9. What was the English Factory Act of 1819, which forbade children from 9 to 18 from working more than 12 hours. In the Act of 1833 children from 9-13 could work no more than 9 hours and in 1847 the Ten Hours Act was passed for women and children to work no more than 10 hours in the factory? These were two acts that were passed by Parliament to ease the burden of child labor. MAIN 500 400 SUBJECT:Industrial Society 300 200 100

10. What was transportation? MAIN This was the British government’s alternative to capital punishment and emptying the British prisons by sending prisoners to New South Wales and the Georgia colony of James Oglethorpe. 500 400 SUBJECT:Industrial Society 300 200 100

11. What was the Auburn system where prisoners were separated at night but not during the day, and the Philadelphia system where they were rigorously separated at all times? MAIN These were the two prison systems established in the United States and used by Europeans to separate prisoners while in confinement. 500 400 SUBJECT:Industrial Society 300 200 100

12. What was the 1820s to 1830s? MAIN This is the decade when the majority of textile manufacturing began to shift from the household to factory work and single women began to replace men as the majority of the workforce. 500 400 SUBJECT:Industrial Society 300 200 100

13. Who was Charles Fourier? MAIN He was the French industrial philosopher who believed in phalanxes or liberated communities which would be agrarian, and free love would be practiced, to ease the dullness of industrial life. 500 SUBJECT:Industrial Philosophers 400 300 200 100

14. Who was Auguste Blanqui? ( maybe someone took his blankee when he was young ) He was one of the philosophers of the industrial age who proposed tearing it all down by using terror and using a terrorist vanguard to disrupt the capitalist community. MAIN 500 SUBJECT:Industrial Philosophers 400 300 200 100

15. Who was Robert Owen? MAIN He was the industrial utopian who believed in building the perfect industrial community where people could work and live in harmony while making a profit for the owner. 500 SUBJECT:Industrial Philosophers 400 300 200 100

16. Who was Count Claude Saint-Simon? MAIN He was the young French philosopher who fought in the American Revolution, and who proposed a technocracy of well trained managers who would run the businesses as well as the government. 500 SUBJECT:Industrial Philosophers 400 300 200 100

17. Who was Karl Marx ? He was the industrial philosopher who preached the inevitable struggle and clash between the workers,( proletariat) and the owners (the bourgeoisie). He was wrong. MAIN 500 SUBJECT:Industrial Philosophers 400 300 200 100

18. What was What is Property? MAIN What was the most famous work of Pierre-Joseph Proudhon, in which he attacked the banking system. 500 400 300 SUBJECT: Social Utopians 200 100

19. What was Utilitarianism? MAIN What was the theory that was based on the principle of the greatest happiness for the greatest number of people. 500 400 300 SUBJECT: Social Utopians 200 100

20. Who was Thomas Malthus? MAIN One of his ideas promoted in the Essay on the Principle of Population advocated family planning. 500 400 300 SUBJECT: Social Utopians 200 100

21. What was New Lanark in Scotland and New Harmony in Indiana? MAIN These were the two Utopian industrial communities started by Robert Owens. 500 400 300 SUBJECT: Social Utopians 200 100

22. Who was Louis Blanc ? He was the French Socialist who wrote, “The Organization of Labor” and advocated the end of competition and giving the right to vote to the working man. MAIN 500 400 300 SUBJECT: Social Utopians 200 100

23. What was France and the government of Louis Philippe? MAIN This was the Revolution that started the onslaught of Revolutions which occurred in 1848 and resulted in the ouster of the Second Republic. 500 400 300 SUBJECT: Revolutions of 1848 200 100

24. Who was Jeanne Deroin and Pauline Roland? MAIN These were two of the French women who led the movement in 1848 for feminism and a woman’s right to participate in government. 500 400 300 SUBJECT: Revolutions of 1848 200 100

25. Who were Magyars? MAIN The Hungarian nationalists and liberals who were led by nobles were primarily from this Hungarian cultural group. 500 400 300 SUBJECT: Revolutions of 1848 200 100

26. What was Lombardy and the city of Milan? This was the area of Italy that first revolted against Austrian control and was aided by the government of Piedmont – Savoy only to end in failure. MAIN 500 400 300 SUBJECT: Revolutions of 1848 200 100

27. What was the Frankfurt Assembly or Parliament? MAIN This was the Legislative Assembly that offered Frederick William IV of Prussia the crown of a unified Germany, which he promptly rejected. 500 400 300 SUBJECT: Revolutions of 1848 200 100