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The Cell

The Cell. Background. Think of cells as colorful little building blocks. Cells come together to construct living things. What is a cell?. A watery body Contains chemicals Holds lots of information Humans have over 200 types of cells and many billions of individual cells.

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The Cell

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  1. The Cell

  2. Background Think of cells as colorful little building blocks. Cells come together to construct living things.

  3. What is a cell? • A watery body • Contains chemicals • Holds lots of information • Humans have over 200 types of cells and many billions of individual cells. • A weeping willow has about 20 types of cells. • All cells in an object contains the same basic information.

  4. Cell Theory • developed during the 1830’s • States: “All living matter is made up of one or more cells. Also, any cell alive today had its origin in a preexisting cell.”

  5. Structure and Scale of Molecules in the Cell • Foundation of functioning cells is the atom. • Atoms bond together to form molecules. • Molecules may link together to form chains inside the cell.

  6. Structure and Scale (continued) • Proteins are the most numerous of chain molecules. • Proteins are made up of amino acids strung end to end. • Order of amino acids is determined by DNA

  7. DNA • Deoxyribonucleic acid • DNA is the genetic material that is the blueprint for all life. • Proteins formed carry on all functions of life.

  8. Parts of the Cell • Cell Membrane • Cytoplasm • Nucleus • Golgi Complex • Mitochondria • Endoplasmic reticulum • Ribosomes • Lysosomes

  9. Cell Membrane • Lets some things in • Keeps other things out Like a game of Red Rover, Red Rover.

  10. Cytoplasm Liquid material outside the nucleus where all the other parts of the cell are found and formed.

  11. Nucleus • hold DNA • DNA decides whether you have blue or brown eyes, etc. • Carries instructions that tell the cell how to make protein molecules.

  12. Golgi complex • Where molecules are finished and packaged. • Secreting cells have very busy golgi complexes.

  13. Mitochondria The engines of the cell. They make stored energy available.

  14. Endoplasmic Reticulum Where a lot of the chemical activity takes place.

  15. Ribosomes • Make proteins • Found on the outer part of the endoplasmic reticulum

  16. Lysosomes • Defend the cell from invaders. • Release enzymes to eat invading bacteria. • Help break down the cell when it dies.

  17. The Cell Now you have a basic understanding of the cell and how is forms the foundation for all life.

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