Accomplishing a Mission The OPMS approach - Interactive Management The Integration - the OPMS

1. Accomplishing a Mission • The OPMSapproach - Interactive Management • The Integration - the OPMS • Some outcomes of theOPMS approach OPMS - ILW

2. Demonstrating the practicalmeanspar excellence to accomplish: • Organisational Missions • Societal Missions • Individual Missions No limitations whatsoever OPMS - ILW

3. What is a ‘MISSION’? A ‘MISSION’ is a goal that is: • Highly challenging, difficult - perhaps even seemingly impossible! • May require considerable time, efforts (and perhaps other resources) to accomplish • May involve the unfamiliar and the unknown • May involve the efforts of several people over a long period of time OPMS - ILW

4. Above all: Accomplishing a real MISSION requires passionate involvement on the part of at least one person who really believes in it!!

5. To accomplish any challenging Mission... We present to you THE most effective possible way to enable people accomplish their Missions!

6. To accomplish a Mission: • Just WRITE DOWN the Mission • DO (and get done) all the THINGS TO DO that could help accomplish the Mission • Remove or minimise all BARRIERS, DIFFICULTIES, THREATS, WEAKNESSES that may hinder or prevent accomplishment • Avail all OPPORTUNITIES found that could help accomplishment… OPMS - ILW

7. That’s obvious…...but HOW to accomplish this?? OPMS - ILW

8. The OPMS approach Based on‘Interactive Management’

9. The OPMS approach provides us a highly effective, practical means to accomplish our Missions! OPMS - ILW

10. A possible Mission to work on: “To enable TCS to become a world leader in its field of interest within 3 years” (ANY other Mission of interest could also be tried out)

11. Other example Missions: • “To become an effective Facilitator” • “To ensure my business achieves high success within 2 years” • “To ensure our nation become 90% literate within 10 years” OPMS - ILW

12. It does require some hard thinking to create an OPMS - but the effort is worth it because it WILL enable creation & implementation of truly effective Action Planning for the Mission.

13. OR: the users will make out that the Mission is not feasible, WITHOUT expending huge resources of time, money on the Mission!

14. The prime reason for the OPMS - EFFECTIVE utilisation of resources of all kinds: intellectual resources, time resources, money resources.

15. For any Mission, we’ve got to pose the trigger questions to the right people for that Mission - these should be the people actually involved in accomplishing the Mission!

16. 1st Trigger Question: “What, in YOUR opinion, are the THINGS TO DO ‘To double turnover within 1 year’ ?”

17. 1st Step: Generate relevant ideas (from the people actually involved in the Mission)

18. MISSION: “To double turnover within 1 year” • Explore new, untried markets • Obtain needed finance for basic working capital • Launch a new product • Appoint a dynamic CEO who knows our business + the markets • Create more effective dealer network • ... OPMS - ILW

19. 2nd Step: Structure the ideas generated!

20. To monitor rigorously, day by day Create more effective dealer network • Launch a new product (A) • Explore new, untried markets (B) Create more effective marketing system Obtain needed finance for basic working capital Appoint new CEO Start of Action Planning model for Business should contribute OPMS - ILW

21. The first step is CRUCIAL • The second step provides the potential power to convert knowledge into wisdom - quite rapidly indeed OPMS - ILW

22. The model shown: ISM Interpretive Structural Model

23. ISMs Enable enormous compression of standard prose

24. A Picture = Thousand Words! OPMS - ILW

25. “A Picture is Worth a Thousand Words!” The pictures created in the OPMSapproach are LITERALLY worth thousands and thousands of (and thousands) of words!!

26. To monitor rigorously, day by day Create more effective dealer network • Launch a new product (A) • Explore new, untried markets (B) Create more effective marketing system Obtain needed finance for basic working capital Appoint new CEO Any such model can easily be translated into ‘standard’ prose very easily indeed! And the little model on the earlier slide would translateinto nearly a full page of prose. Obviously, it is MUCH easier to read, understand and remember the model!

27. To monitor rigorously, day by day Create more effective dealer network • Launch a new product (A) • Explore new, untried markets (B) Create more effective marketing system Obtain needed finance for basic working capital Appoint new CEO A quick translation: Obtain needed finance for basic working capital & to appoint a CEO should contribute to Create more effective marketing system which in turn should contribute to Launch a new product and to explore new, untried markets each of which contribute to each other. Also, obtaining needed finance for basic working capital & appointing a CEO should contribute to Launch a new product and to explore new, untried markets …… In turn, Launch a new product and to explore new, untried markets should contribute to create a new dealer network. Also...

28. To monitor rigorously, day by day Create more effective dealer network • Launch a new product (A) • Explore new, untried markets (B) Create more effective marketing system Obtain needed finance for basic working capital Appoint new CEO Which is easier to read, understand? should contribute OPMS - ILW

29. THINGS TO DO These models can become as large as required to describe the most complex live situation! Over time, as we work on our Missions, our models may come to comprise hundreds or even thousands of elements! OPMS - ILW

30. A model of 40-50 elements, occupying maybe 2-3 pages might be the equivalent of 30-40 pages of prose!!!The length of the prose expands exponentially as the number of elements increase!

31. THINGS TO DO Also, the models can be ‘blown up’ as required to the depth and detail as required OPMS - ILW

32. …because of the “contribution” relationship, an ‘Action Planning’ model also shows the WHY? and the HOW?of each element... THINGS TO DO WHY? HOW? OPMS - ILW

33. Up WHY? To match/surpass productivity of Israeli s/w industry by 2003 should contribute To ensure high quality of Indian s/w services and products • To encourage s/w orgs to spend at least 25% of ttl s/w budget for s/w productivity tools • To allow companies to utilise part of their export earnings for means to meet delivery schedules To.. Down HOW? WHY? HOW? To…

34. UPthe model to find out“WHY?” DOWNthe model to find out “HOW?” THINGS TO DO WHY? HOW? OPMS - ILW

35. Warfield’s ISM process is a grand generalisation of the well known PERT/CPM tool, used in so-called “Project Management Software” …which are based on the transitive relationship “precedes” OPMS - ILW

36. … but “precedence”is NEVER sufficient to describe ALL relevant aspects of a real ‘system’, such as an organisation working to accomplish a challenging Mission! Warfield’s ISM enables us to use ANYtransitive relationship, choosing exactly the one that is relevant to the issue under consideration at the specific time! OPMS - ILW

37. Transitive Relationships in a system: “contributes to” – crucial for Action Planning - is justone of the transitive relationships. There are many others…

38. Some more examplesof transitive relationships: • “is more important than” • “should have higher priority than” • “aggravates” • “enhances” • “implies” • “leads to” • “precedes” (used for PERT Charts – which provide the basis of most conventional ‘Project Management Software’) OPMS - ILW

39. Field Representation & Profiling…(this is the other powerful modeling technique invented by Professor John N. Warfield) …helps us clearly portray the dimensions of a system... OPMS - ILW

40. Field Representation & Profiling (contd.) • First, we try to cleanse our minds from all pre-conceived categories.. • Then, OPMS asks questions like… OPMS - ILW

41. Field Representation & Profiling (contd.) (In the context of the kind of actions needed to overcome the barriers, etc.) “Is (B) Low productivity of Indian software industry SIMILAR TO (A) Our educational systems are highly ineffective ?”

42. Response “YES” would put element ‘B’ into the same category as ‘A’ -“NO” would put it into a different category……yielding models like the one illustrated next … OPMS - ILW

43. OPMS - ILW

44. The ‘System Tie Line’ represents any or all of the relationships inherent in the system under consideration. OPMS - ILW

46. The elements are ‘linked’ by appropriate relationships as perceived by the users OPMS - ILW

47. The OPMS provides a facility to enable users write down prose translations of such visual linkages XYZ “XYZ” MAY TEND TO INCREASE THE SEVERITY OF “ABC” ABC OPMS - ILW

48. It takes a while to develop the skills needed to use the System Tie Line effectively to link different dimensions and elements together…It’s well worth our while to work towards developing these skills… OPMS - ILW

49. …because Field Representations, over sufficient iterations, can be shown to satisfyAshby’s Law of Requisite Variety OPMS - ILW

50. Ashby’s Law of Requisite Variety (Simple Simon’s version)… • “The dimensions of a proposed solution to a problem must match the dimensions of the problem” • (If too few dimensions, the solution won’t work – if too many, the solution would be too expensive or too complicated!) OPMS - ILW