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Direct vs. Indirect Emissions

Direct vs. Indirect Emissions. Estimated CO 2 equivalent emissions from an average supermarket Direct = refrigerant emissions Indirect = energy consumption. Direct Emissions. Direct GHG impacts will be assessed offline based on estimated annual refrigerant losses & GWP-weighting

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Direct vs. Indirect Emissions

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  1. Direct vs. Indirect Emissions • Estimated CO2 equivalent emissions from an average supermarket • Direct = refrigerant emissions • Indirect = energy consumption

  2. Direct Emissions • Direct GHG impacts will be assessed offline based on estimated annual refrigerant losses & GWP-weighting • Charge Size x Emissions Rate = Total Ref Loss • Results will be integrated to provide a “common denominator” (in MTCO2E) to compare different systems equitably • Direct emission results will be layered over results from DOE 2.2R and EnergyPlus (i.e., indirect)

  3. Preliminary Assumptions for Estimating Direct Emissions • Charge size assumptions based on available literature; may be revised upon review of data from Savings by Design. • Additional stakeholder data on charge size is encouraged. 3

  4. Leak Reduction Measures • Mandatory leak reduction measures will be proposed to minimize direct GHG impacts, not to enhance energy efficiency per se • No direct correlation between leakage & efficiency in large refrigeration systems, but minimizing leakage of high-GWP refrigerants is necessary for environmental health • Measures will reflect basic good practices/standard industry practices

  5. Leak Reduction Measures • Focused on design & installation • Developed based on: • ANSI/ASHRAE standard 147-2002 • ANSI/ASHRAE 15-2007 • ANSI/IIAR 2-2008 • GreenChill Best Practices • 2009 International Mechanical Code (IMC) • Institute of Refrigeration. January 2009. Designing out leaks: design standards and practices • Institute of Refrigeration. December 2007. Code of Practice for Refrigerant Leak Tightness in Compliance with F-Gas Regulation • Industry input 5

  6. Leak Reduction Measures • Requesting stakeholder input on: • Appropriateness/feasibility of draft measures • Cost effectiveness • Other measures to consider?

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