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Reduction of particles' air pollution inside a vehicle

Technion – Israel Institute of Technology Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Internal Combustion Engines Laboratory. Reduction of particles' air pollution inside a vehicle. D. Popescu, M. Gutman, V. Baibikov, M. Veinblat, L. Tartakovsky.

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Reduction of particles' air pollution inside a vehicle

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  1. Technion – Israel Institute of TechnologyFaculty of Mechanical Engineering Internal Combustion Engines Laboratory Reduction of particles' air pollution inside a vehicle D. Popescu, M. Gutman, V. Baibikov, M. Veinblat, L. Tartakovsky The 26th Annual Meeting of The Israeli Association of Aerosol Research Thursday, May the 21th, 2013

  2. Motivation • There is a strong correlation between exposure to PM and increasing respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. • Ultrafine particles (UFP) may easily penetrate the lungs tissue, enter the respiratory system end deposit in the brain. • UFP are very toxic having high organic carbon content including Polycyclic-Aromatic-Hydrocarbons (PAH).

  3. Contents: • Main Goals • The Experimental System • Results • Conclusions

  4. Main Goals The main goals are: • to measure the PM mass, number and size distribution inside passenger cars (PCs), vans and urban busses. • To check the influence of the ventilation mode on the PM pollution inside a vehicle. • to study the effects of an air purifier on the particle concentration and average size inside the vehicles cabin. • To search the effect of vehicle aging on the PM measurements.

  5. 2 3 4 5 1 The Experimental System 1 – vehicle original window; 2 – seal; 3 – insertion window; 4 – air inlet to in-cabin air purifier; 5 – air inlet DiSC 1 – diffusion size classifier (DiSC);2 – laptop with DiSC software;3 – in-cabin air purifier; 4 – air purifier inlet line;5 – DiSC sample line;6 – air purifier control unit.

  6. PCs and Ventilation Modes • 9 Vehicles took part in the experiments: 4 new vehicles (mileage of 25 000 km or less) 5 old vehicles (mileage of 150 000 km or more) 1 shuttle taxi 3 urban buses • 3 ventilation modes were studied: AC switched on, windows closed, introduction of outdoor air („out“) AC and fun switched off, driver‘s window opened, completely („win“) AC switched on, windows closed, recirculation of internal air („rec”) with in-cabin air purifier functioning.

  7. Results:1. PCs and Ventilation Modes Typical instantaneous values of PM mass concentration under different ventilation modes

  8. 1. PCs and Ventilation Modes-cont. CO2concentrations outside and inside the cabin for different ventilation modes

  9. A City Bus versus PC A comparision of PM10 mass concentration inside cars and buses

  10. Influence of passengers movements Instantaneous values of PM concentrations inside a bus

  11. Effects of in-cabin air purifier UFP size and nr. concentration measured inside and outside a vehicles cabin with the air purifier functioning

  12. Effects of in-cabin air purifier-cont. UFP number concentration inside and outside a vehicles cabin with the air purifier functioning

  13. Effects of in-cabin air purifier-cont. UFP size distribution inside and outside a vehicles cabin with the air purifier functioning

  14. Effects of in-cabin air purifier-cont.inside a VW Transporter shuttle taxi

  15. Conclusions: • A dedicated air-purifier reduces the UFP down to a value of less then 500 , with some increase in the average particle size. • Minimal PNC is achieved after 17 to 20 minutes of operation. • Trying to decrease the PNC may expose the passengers to high and dangerous CO2 levels. The use of the air purifier reduces the risc.

  16. Conclusions: • The lowest concentration of particles inside the cabin is on the recirculation mode. The age of the car has an influence on the level. • On buses and the shuttle taxi, higher PM levels were measured as a result of resuspension and frequent in-out air flows when the doors are opened.

  17. The End • Acknowledgements: this work was possible with the following support: • Matter Aerosol AG, Wohlen, Swizerland. • Egged Public Transportation Cooperative. • Israeli Taxi Drivers Association • Thank you for the attention… • Questions?

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