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Timeline x2

Timeline x2. Summer 1774 to Summer 1776… . Petition to King from 1st Continental Congress.

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Timeline x2

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  1. Timeline x2

  2. Summer 1774 to Summer 1776…

  3. Petition to King from 1st Continental Congress • The foundation of English liberty, and of all free government, is a right in the people to participate in their legislative council: and as the English colonists are not represented, and from their local and other circumstances, cannot properly be represented in the British parliament, they are entitled to a free and exclusive power of legislation in their several provincial legislatures, where their right of representation can alone be preserved, in all cases of taxation and internal polity, subject only to the negative of their sovereign, in such manner as has been heretofore used and accustomed:

  4. But, from the necessity of the case, and a regard to the mutual interest of both countries, we cheerfully consent to the operation of such acts of the British parliament, as are [bonafide], restrained to the regulation of our external commerce, for the purpose of securing the commercial advantages of the whole empire to the mother country, and the commercial benefits of its respective members; excluding every idea of taxation internal or external, for raising a revenue on the subjects, in America, without their consent.” • What is the tone of this passage? • What do the members of the First Continental Congress want?

  5. Battle of Lexington • April 19, 1775 • Who shot first? What was the first shot called? • Redcoats get past Minutemen

  6. Patriots kill more Redcoats • Patriots used what tactic that the Redcoats couldn’t handle? • Why is the battle of Lexington & Concord important? The British march back from Concord

  7. 6. May 1775...2nd Cont Congress Meets

  8. 2nd Cont Congress • Who was there? (~50-60 men…any names?) • They know about April 19, 1775 • Three viewpoints (what do they want?) Radicals Moderates Loyalists |-------------------------------|---------------------------------|

  9. What haven’t they done yet? • Is there a “war” right now? • ________ vs _______? 7. What happens after  meet…

  10. Olive Branch Petition Fails… • George III rejects it… • John Adams & the British Navy  • Put your self in GB’s shoes… why else would you reject this petition for peace?

  11. So now what has to happen? • It is November 1775 • Fighting going on since April 1775 • What date do we have to get to? • What is missing in the colonies to get this Revolution moving?? Think about the “recipe”

  12. Tom Paine • Writes Common Sense in Jan 1776 • Main Point of Common Sense? • Colonies should separate from GB • Pep Talk for separation  He’s a Renegade!

  13. Rev War Analogy… • Like the movie “Cinderella Man” • USA = James Braddock • Underdog • GB = Max Baer • Champion GB USA

  14. Rev War has 3 Stages • Just Like Cinderella Man • Stage 1 – Underdog beats up the Champ…(?) • Stage 2 – Champ takes fight seriously and beats up Underdog… • Stage 3 – Underdog pulls out the upset

  15. Rev War's 3 stages • = North • = Middle • = “South”

  16. GB & USA Tale of the Tape

  17. USA is lacking things • Supplies/Guns • Solution? • Money • Solution? • Why not tax? • Soldiers…coordination • Solution? • What will the USA have lots of after the war?

  18. 5a. How good is GW? • Decent Experience, Average military mind, strong leader • Good subordinates • Marquis de Lafayette (France) • Baron von Steuben (Prussia) • Charles Lee  • Nathaniel Greene • Horatio Gates  • Benedict Arnold • Many obstacles • Politicians in the way • Low morale • Poorly supplied • Plots to overthrow him…

  19. Revolutionary War Battles • Timeline? • Opponents?

  20. First victories go to the USA • Concord and Lexington in April 1775 • Fort Ticonderoga May 1775 • Ethan Allen & Benedict Arnold lead the victory • But who gets the credit? • Captured fort & got supplies

  21. 1. Battle of Breed's Hill June 1775

  22. 2. Siege of Boston • Big plan that took all winter to accomplish • Colonel Henry Knox  • “The only way out of trouble is through it” • Do we fire our cannons? • March 17, 1776 is Evacuation Day

  23. Stage 1 Discoveries? Why should he  be worried?

  24. Stage 1 Battles lead to…

  25. What is decided late spring, 1776 by the 2nd Continental Congress?  • What has happened up to this point in the war? Why are these men finally pushed to this new threshold? (Think Timeline)

  26. Structure is simple • Who wrote it and why? • Who/WHAT influenced the document? (recipe analogy)

  27. Locke's Messages?

  28. 5. What arguments are made? (2) How Radicalor Conservative is this Document?

  29. 6. What kind of men made the Declaration of Independence? + -

  30. 7. Differing Viewpoints?

  31. 7. Reactions to Dec of Ind • Dunlap broadsides (200) • Public readings took place the next few days • Printed throughout the colonies • GW read it to his army July 9  • Reactions by Americans?

  32. July 9, 1776…NYC • 42K bullets

  33. John and Abigail Adams • A cute marriage • Adams treated Abigail as equal…unusual • Love and respect • Wrote hundreds of letters to each other during their marriage • Important exchange happens while John Adams is in the 2ndCC… • Who makes the better argument?

  34. 8. What has to come next after the “justified” Revolution?

  35. What did you hate about the last gov? • “Oppressive” • Strong central gov in Parliament and King • So reactively, what will you prefer? • Central gov? • Power should be given to who/what? 9. Put yourself in the FF’s shoes

  36. Articles of the Confederation • Central Gov? • Weak Continental Congress • Weak President of USA • More Power where? • States • Who runs the war? • Continental Congress • USA’s 1st Draft • Flawed • But a natural reaction to what existed before

  37. Episode 2: The Empire Strikes Back

  38. 1. Stage 2 Overview • Fall 1776 until early 1778 • Best time for GB to win…why? • Traditional warfare will happen more • Huge #’s advantage • Send “Triumvirate of Reputation”

  39. 3. Do you want this General?

  40. Stage 2 of the Rev War

  41. Where will Howe Attack First? New York City

  42. 4. Battleof NYC • Fall 1776 (bad loss) • Brooklyn Heights • GW loses badly & trapped. Now where? • Lucky GW!!!!!!!!! • Howe had GW on the ropes!!! • Battle of Manhattan • Fort Washington  • ½ army captured  • Molly Korbit fights  • White Plains

  43. When times are really rough, what should you do??

  44. 8. Battle of Saratoga • Two “old” friends face off

  45. 8. Battle of Saratoga • USA has an advantage in this battle… (rare) • Two battles • Freeman’s Farm (9/19) • GB wins • Bemis Heights (10/7) • USA wins • Gates vs Arnold in between the battles  • Proud Burgoyne still fights knowing Howe won’t back him up (duh)

  46. Bemis Heights Details • Rules of Warfare… • Who will not follow them? • British Brigadier General Simon Fraser  (?) • Benedict Arnold = Hero of the battle • Shot in the foot…horse almost crushes him • “I’ve been shot in the foot…I wish it were my heart!”

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