Readout scheme for the Baby-MIND detector

1. Readout scheme for the Baby-MIND detector E. Noah1, A. Blondel1, Y. Favre1, Y. Kudenko2, O. Mineev2, R. Tsenov2 1University of Geneva, Switzerland 2INR, Russia PD15: Moscow: Troitsk: 6-9 July 2015

2. Outline • The Baby-MIND detector • Detector module characteristics • Choice of photosensors • Module light yield with CITIROC • Baby MIND Front End Board

3. The Baby-MIND detector WA105 @ EHN1 extension • Muon spectrometer consisting of magnetized plates of iron interleaved with plastic scintillator detector modules. • Modularity in magnetization design simplifies proposed use at various facililities, downstream of: • WAGASCI at J-PARC (2016 onwards) : anti-nu selection efficiencies > 90%. • LAr (WA105) (2017 onwards): Use of MIND detectors integrated from start of studies or Long Baseline experiments in Europe (LBNO): muon charge ID and momentum, tail catching of hadronic showers. Baby MIND could provide partial acceptance for events in 6×6×6m3 of WA105 LAr. WAGASCI @ J-PARC Baby-MIND positioned here Wagasci Side MRDs

4. Optical readout of plastic scintillator planes PMT PMT-based: MICE-EMR installed at RAL Sep. 2013 Implemented for several thousand channels first at T2K ND280 SiPM-based: AIDA Baby MIND SiPM

5. Detector modules Poster: The design, construction and testing of TASD: A. Mefodiev et al. • Plastic scintillator bars: • Extruded scintillator slabs produced at Uniplast company, Vladimir, RU: • polysterene-based, 1.5% paraterphenyl (PTP) and 0.01% POPOP. • Slabs etched with chemical agent (Uniplast) to create a 30-100 mm layer that acts as a diffusive layer • Custom optical connectors (INR design for AIDA) • Kuraray Y11 WLS fiber in 2mm deep groove • Dimensions: 900 x 10 x 7 mm3 • Module characteristics : • 2 planes, X/Y • Each plane: 84 plastic scintillator bars • 1st prototype Nov. 2014 Photosensor connector: INR design Optical cement light transmission WLS fiber: St. Gobain & Kuraray Y11 Light yield measured for > 9000 bars

6. Photosensors • Options tested: • MPPC/ASD40/KETEK/SensL • Several MPPC variants • Selection: • Hamamatsu MPPC S12571-025C • 1 × 1 mm2 • 25 mm cell size • 3000 delivered by 6 Mar. 2015 MPPC test data by Hamamatsu Vop [V] 25oC Dark cnts [kHz] thres.: 0.5 p.e. WLS fiber and MPPC alignment

7. Calibration & digitization Lab. Cosmic m, radiosource 6 SiPM 5 Individual bar characterization: n bars 4 3 Module QA: n/m bars 2 Charged particle 1 Beamline Scintillation Light trapping efficiency in WLS fiber Light attenuation in WLS fiber Optical connector insertion loss SiPM response Electronics response Cosmic m? m,p,e,p

8. Bar light yield test: post module assembly Channel configuration: channels under test ch0-15 ch15 ch7 ch23 ch0 ch8 ch16 ch24 ch27 ch28 ch31 Setup in dark room 25oC

9. Module characterisation with CITIROC evaluation board ADC [12-bit] FPGA MPPC x32 Plastic Scint. bars x32 Delay usb LabVIEW

10. CITIROC shaper time constant 12.5 ns 25 ns 37.5 ns 50 ns 62.5 ns 75 ns 87.5 ns 10 ns 20 ns 30 ns OR32/Hold delay 40 ns 50 ns 60 ns

11. Varying Pre-amp Feedback capacitance Feedback capa. = 1 [arb.] 48.2 ADC/p.e. • Regime: • high enough gain to resolve indivual p.e. peaks whilst avoiding saturation • Dynamic range (HG): • 12-bit ADC • Baseline ~950 • 19.3 ADC/p.e. • 160 p.e. • > 1600 p.e. with LG. Feedback capa. = 4 [arb.] 32.2 ADC/p.e. Feedback capa. = 6 [arb.] 25.6 ADC/p.e. Feedback capa. = 8 [arb.] 19.3 ADC/p.e.

12. Light yield: sum of both ends of bar

13. “Optical” crosstalk: light yield in adjacent bars b d a c ch15 ch7 ch23 ch0 ch8 L.y. cuts: Ch3>70p.e. Ch11>70p.e. Ch19>70p.e. ch16 ch24 ch27 ch28 ch31

14. “Optical” crosstalk: l.y. sum of both ends collected in adjacent bars a c d b

15. Baby MIND electronics chain

16. Baby MIND FEB • FEB characteristics : • 96 SiPM channels (mini coax. connectors), 84 used for Baby MIND • 3 CITIROC ASICs (32 ch charge ampl., trigs, ext. common HV + independent 0/4V) • 12-bits 8-ch ADC 40Ms/s/ch • 2 x 6Gb/s transceiver (800Mb/s for Baby MIND) • USB3.0 (5Gb/s) µC for lab, calib. & maintenance • LV & HV power supplies • Altera ARIA 5 FPGA (mid-range), firmware : • 84 ch. Timing meas (2/2.5ns resolution) • Charge meas. (from 12-bits ADC) • Baseline computation (filtering) • USB3.0 gateway • Gigabit protocol for readout (exp.) Baby MIND FEB (Photo by Y. Favre 12 March 2015) • PCB: • 8 layers • 120µm space/width lines • Impedance & length control (TDC) • Schedule: • First prototype FEB 11 March 2015 • Firmware development ongoing • ~ 30 Baby MIND FEBs Dec. 2015

17. FEB firmware architecture

18. Summary • Baby MIND spectrometer modules: • all 9400 bars measured for light yield at INR before assembly into modules at UniGe • choice of photosensor made, 3000 MPPC S12571-025C delivered by March 2015 with good QA data • Test procedure for module characterization • Electronics: • CITIROC tested with evaluation board from Omega Microelectronics (8-bit DAC for Vop, Pre-amp gain, shaper, discriminator, Or32 Mask) • FEB produced (3 CITIROC/FEB) • Firmware architecture done (documented) • Firmware implementation ongoing

19. thanks to F. Cadoux, M. Dementjoz, S. Fedotov, A. Khotyantsev, A. Kleimenova, A. Mefodiev, L. Nicola, T. Ovsiannikova, N. Yershov... ... to you for your attention

20. Back-up

21. Tested SiPM parameters at INR

22. Tested SiPM performance at INR

23. Tests of 1 x 1 mm2 MPPC at INR • “New” MPPC 50mm cell size • same optical cross-talk and afterpulsing for both, sensitive area difference: • 1x1 mm2 = 16.4 p.e. • 1.3x1.3 mm2 = 17.2 p.e.

24. Hamamatsu options tested

25. Hamamatsu options vs readout

26. Hamamatsu MPPC S12571-025C spec.

27. Hamamatsu MPPC S12571-025C: gain and PDE