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Verb + Infinitive expressions

Verb + Infinitive expressions. Verb + Infinitive. Sentence structure: (subject)+ one conjugated verb + an unconjugated verb Ejemplo : ( Yo ) Quiero nadar . Inglés : I want to swim. Conjugated verb = the main (current) action of the sentence Ejemplo : ( Yo ) Quiero nadar .

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Verb + Infinitive expressions

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  1. Verb + Infinitive expressions

  2. Verb + Infinitive • Sentence structure: • (subject)+one conjugated verb+anunconjugated verb • Ejemplo: (Yo) Quieronadar. • Inglés: I want to swim. • Conjugated verb = the main (current) action of the sentence • Ejemplo: (Yo) Quieronadar. • Infinitive = unconjugated verb. Planned action, has yet to be done • Ejemplo: (Yo) Quieronadar.

  3. Common verbs used before infintives • Querer + infinitive to want (to do) • Preferir + infinitive to plan (to do) • Deber + infinitive to be obligated (to do) (conjugated = must) • Pensar + infinitive to plan (to do) • Necesitar + infinitive to need (to do) • Gustar + infinitive to like (to do) • Ir + a + infinitive to be going (to do) (expression of near future) • Tener + que + infinitive to have (to do)

  4. Construction • Conjugate the first verb. Leave the second verb alone: • Quiero jugar al béisbol. I want to play baseball. • Prefiero jugar al béisbol. I prefer to play baseball. • Debo jugar al béisbol. I must play baseball. • Pienso jugar al béisbol. I plan to play baseball. • Necesito jugar al béisbol. I need to play baseball.

  5. Special Cases: GUSTAR • The form used before an infinitive is singular: GUSTA. The infinitive is considered one action. • Ejemplo: (A mí) Me gusta comer pizza. – I like to eat pizza. • Other verbs that act like GUSTAR include: • ENCANTAR – to really like/love • Ejemplo: Me encanta cantar. – I really like to sing. • TOCAR – to be someone’s turn (when used like GUSTAR) • Ejemplo: Me toca limpiar el baño. – It’s my turn to clean the bathroom.

  6. Special Cases: IR + A • IR requires a “link” to connect it to an infinitive. • The link is the preposition “a”, which means “to.” • IR + a + infinitive expresses what someone is going to do in the near future. • Ejemplo: Voy a comer pizza en la cafetería. (present – go, future - eat) • – I am going to eat pizza in the cafeteria. • IR needs “a” to link a person going to a destination. This does not require an infinitive, because the action takes place in the present. • Ejemplo: Voy a la cafetería. (present – go) • - I am going to the cafeteria.

  7. Special Cases: TENER QUE, TENER GANAS DE • TENER means to have. • To link TENER to an infinitive and talk about what one has to do, use the link “que” before adding the infinitive. Que does not translate. • Ejemplo: Tengo que estudiar para el examen. - I have to study for the exam. • The expression TENER GANAS DE + infinitive means to feel like (doing) or to desire (to do). • Ejemplo: Tengo ganas de comer chocolate. - I feel like eating chocolate.

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