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The New England Colonies. English Colonists traveled to New England to gain religious freedom. Pilgrims vs. Puritans Protest ant Groups. Pilgrims. Puritans. Wanted to pur ify the Anglican church Thought the church leaders had too much power over members.
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The New England Colonies English Colonists traveled to New England to gain religious freedom
Pilgrims vs. PuritansProtestant Groups Pilgrims Puritans Wanted to purify the Anglican church Thought the church leaders had too much power over members • Separatist- wanted to separate from the Church of England • Left England to avoid persecution • Moved to Netherlands • Not happy kids were speaking Dutch! • Wanted to move to America
All aboard On September 16, 1620, the Mayflower left England with more than 100 men, women and children aboard. Not all were Pilgrims. Two months later they landed at Plymouth Rock (Massachusetts)
Mayflower Compact • 41 of the MALE passengers came up with a contract where they agreed to fair laws. This is one of the FIRST attempts at self-government.
SQUANTO AND SAMOSET • Samoset told the colonists about the people and places of the area. • Squanto taught the Pilgrims how to fertilize the soil with fish guts and establish relationships with the Wampanoag tribe
The First Thanksgiving Due to the freezing temperatures nearly half of the Pilgrims died that first winter. Now with the help of Samoset and Squanto, conditions within the colony improved. The Pilgrims invited the Wampanoag Chief Massasoit and 90 guests to celebrate their first successful harvest.
A day in the life of a Pilgrim • Families were the center of religious life • All family members worked- women in the home and men in the field • Pilgrims educated their children and indentured servants • Women had more legal rights- sign contracts, sue and own property
Great Migration • Economic, political and religious problems led people to leave England • Between 1629-1640- more than 40,000 people moved to the English colonies • In 1630- John Winthrop led a group of Puritans to Massachusetts
Religion = Government • Government leaders HAD to be Church members, ministers had a LOT of power and only male church members could vote
Rocking the Boat! Connecticut Rhode Island Roger Williams Wanted to be separate from other NE churches Supported separation of church and state Religious tolerance Did not like the taking of land from NA without payment • Thomas Hooker • Fundamental Orders of Connecticut • Made government more democratic • Men who weren’t church members could vote • Known as the father of democracy
Anne Hutchinson • Believed a relationship with God did not have to involve ministers • The leaders put her on trial and kicked her out of Massachusetts • Went to RI and helped found the colony of Portsmouth
Salem Witch Trials In Salem, Mass a group of girls had accused people of casting spells on them. The community developed a special court to deal with this. The court pressured suspected witches into confession- 19 people were executed.
ECONOMY Education • It was the parents responsibility to provide an education for their kids • Schools were established in 1647 for every 50 families • Education and literacy was higher in New England than in Jamestown • Harvard (1636) was the first college in New England- to ensure educated ministers for the future • William and Mary College was established in Virginia in 1693 Merchants- TRADE furs, pickled beef and pork Fishing- leading industry Exported dried fish, whaling Shipbuilding- apprentices (young men who learned skilled trades) blacksmith, weavers, builders and printers. Apprentices= Journeymen
