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Groundwater

Groundwater. 11.3. Earth’s water budget. From Miller’s Living in the Environment. Geology of an aquifer. From Miller’s Living in the Environment. Words to know…. Water table = the top of the layer of water in the ground.

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Groundwater

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  1. Groundwater 11.3

  2. Earth’s water budget From Miller’s Living in the Environment

  3. Geology of an aquifer From Miller’s Living in the Environment

  4. Words to know… • Water table = the top of the layer of water in the ground. • Confining layer = layers of rock that the water can not pass through…it traps the water • Spring = where water flows up to the surface of the ground • Well = man made hole that goes to the water table & water is pumped to surface

  5. Aquifer • Layer of rock that contains groundwater. • The water sits between the grains of sand or rock that are connected. • The water can move through the sand or rock layer.

  6. GW use in USA & China From Miller’s Living in the Environment

  7. Areas of aquifer depletion From Miller’s Living in the Environment

  8. Areas of ground subsidence From Miller’s Living in the Environment

  9. Porosity • Percentage of open space between particles in the rock. belmont.sd62.bc.ca

  10. Porosity • % of open spaces in given volume of rock • Amount of water a rock can hold • Influenced by: • Sorting • poorly sorted = lower porosity • Packing • tightly packed = lower porosity • Loosely packed = higher porosity

  11. Permeability • How readily the water passes through the open spaces of the rock. kalkaskacounty.net

  12. Permeability • How freely water passes through open spaces. • For a rock to be permeable, it must have connected spaces. • Influenced by: • Size & sorting • Consistent sorting & large particles = high permeability • Most permeable rock: • Coarse particles (sandstone, fractured limestone)

  13. Recharge zones • Area where water can soak into the ground and enter an aquifer. • NC road sign example Nicholas.duke.edu

  14. Saltwater intrusion From Miller’s Living in the Environment

  15. Homework • Read pages 320 - 325

  16. Output • Sketch and label a cross section an aquifer

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