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A Tour of the Cell

A Tour of the Cell. Chapter 7. All Organisms are Made of Cells. 7.1. Cell. Basic unit of life. Robert Hook. Found the first cell 1665. Anton Van Leuwenhoek. Invented the microscope 1673. The Cell Theory. 1. All living things are made up of cells.

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A Tour of the Cell

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  1. A Tour of the Cell Chapter 7

  2. All Organisms are Made of Cells 7.1

  3. Cell • Basic unit of life

  4. Robert Hook • Found the first cell • 1665

  5. Anton Van Leuwenhoek • Invented the microscope • 1673

  6. The Cell Theory • 1. All living things are made up of cells. • 2. Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things. • 3. New cells are produced from existing cells.

  7. Microscopes • Use lenses to magnify the image of an object by focusing light or electrons

  8. Monocular Compound Light Microscope • Monocular = one eyepiece • Compound = magnifies in 2 places • Light = it has a light

  9. Micrograph • A picture taken through a microscope

  10. Just for fun!!!

  11. Transmission Electron Microscope • TEM • A beam of e- thru a thin specimen • Magnifies 200,000X • Ex) pg 22

  12. A TEM in action

  13. Scanning Electron Microscope • Spray specimen with gold dust • Specimen emits e- which are detected by the scope • Magnifies 100,000X • Image is 3-D

  14. An SEM in action

  15. Surface of Steel

  16. http://melodymaker.posterous.com/amazing-electron-microscope-shotshttp://melodymaker.posterous.com/amazing-electron-microscope-shots

  17. Cell Size • Volume always increases faster than surface area • Cells can’t bring in nutrients fast enough to supply entire cell!!! • Sooooo cells are small

  18. Shape helps determine fxn

  19. Cell boundaries • Bacteria and plant cells – cell wall • All other cells – plasma membrane

  20. Cell membrane • Thin, flexible barrier that encloses a cell • FLUID

  21. Nucleus • Control center of cell • Contains cells DNA • DNA contains instructions on how to build and maintain the cell

  22. Prokaryotes • Organelles not wrapped in a membrane • No nucleus • Lacking variety of organelles • not complex • All bacteria!!!

  23. Eukaryotes • Organelles and nucleus wrapped in a membrane • Wide variety of organelles • Complex • Any cell that isn’t bacteria

  24. Cell Structure 7.2

  25. Cytoplasm • Fluid portion of the cell outside the nucleus • Anything between the plasma membrane and nucleus

  26. Organelle • Part of a cell that performs a specific task • A lot like organs

  27. Cell Organelle Activity • Using pages 196-207 • Research your assigned organelle and begin completing the chart • You will present to the class tomorrow

  28. Two Processes in Organelles • Cellular Respiration – using sugar and oxygen to make energy and heat • Photosynthesis – using water and carbon dioxide and SUNLIGHT to make sugar and oxygen

  29. Mitochondria • Location for cellular respiration • Animal and Plant cells 6O2 + C6H12O6 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy

  30. Chloroplasts • Location for photosynthesis • Plant cells only 6CO2 + 6H2O + sun  6O2 + C6H12O6

  31. Tour of the cell

  32. The Cell/Plasma Membrane • Controls what enters and exits cell • Cell boundary • Fluid!!! • Also known as phospholipid bilayer

  33. Selectively Permeable • Selectively permeable = Some things can go thru while others can’t • H2O, O2 & CO2 can go thru • Sugar, salt & ions need help

  34. Phospholipid • Head = hydrophilic (loves water) • Tail = hydrophobic made of fatty acids (hates water)

  35. Phospholipid bilayer • How would the phospholipid orient itself to create 2 layers?

  36. Membrane Proteins • Can be enzymes • Allow cells to communicate • Allows larger items to go into or out of cell

  37. Cell Membrane Video • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=moPJkCbKjBs

  38. Cell Project Resources

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