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Emerging Technologies September 2010
Provide analysis, advice, and recommendations on the impacts that new and emerging technologies are likely to have on the management and use of federal geospatial data and programs. Provide a forecast of likely technology changes and their impact on Federal programs. Purpose
On-demand service: what you need when you need it. • Broad network access: access is anywhere, anytime. • Resource pooling: pool of users shares location-independent resources and costs in an environmentally sustainable way. • Flexible resource allocation: as demands fluctuate, cloud services can scale rapidly. • Measured service: usage is metered—often per user or per hour, pay only for what you use. Service levels are contractually defined. Cloud Computing NIST Definition
Software as a Service (SaaS) • End user apps delivered as service • Example: Saleforce.com for CRM • Platform as a Service (PaaS) • Application platform middleware for developers to deploy custom apps • Example: Windows Azure Platform • Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) • Hardware and technology for computing power, storage, operating systems available for customer apps • Example: Amazon EC2, Amazon S3 3 Cloud Computing Approaches
Without Cloud Allocated IT-capacities Load Forecast “Under-supply“ of capacities “Waste“ of capacities Fixed cost of IT-capacities IT CAPACITY ActualLoad Barrier for innovations TIME
With Cloud Load Forecast Allocated IT capacities No “under-supply“ IT CAPACITY Reduction of “over-supply“ Possible reduction of IT-capacities in case of reduced load Reduction of initial investments ActualLoad TIME
New technologies and architectures challenge status quo • Customers require: • New business models = pricing • SLAs = performance • Flexibility User Criteria for Cloud Providers
Data Ownership, Security and Privacy • Service Level Agreements, Liability and Recourse • Lack of Control over Impact on Business Process Key Cloud User Concerns:
The Cloud DEDICATED CLOUD PUBLIC CLOUD Secure CloudFederation PRIVATE CLOUD INTERNALIT ENTERPRISE
Cloud computing business & practices are work in progress • No industry standard for cloud providers • Many believe Congress needs to take legislative action to update older security and privacy laws Key Cloud Industry Issues
eSpatial • ESRI • Google • Microsoft Corporation • Salesforce.com • Terremark • VMWare Evaluation of Cloud Service Providers