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GC unit 11 Part 1

GC unit 11 Part 1. World War II. The US position. Still viewed all of this as a European problem Isolationism The Neutrality Acts Eventually these were relaxed and we began to aid the allies Lend lease Act, Destroyers for naval bases July 1941 Japanese occupy Indo-China

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GC unit 11 Part 1

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  1. GC unit 11Part 1 World War II

  2. The US position • Still viewed all of this as a European problem • Isolationism • The Neutrality Acts • Eventually these were relaxed and we began to aid the allies • Lend lease Act, Destroyers for naval bases • July 1941 Japanese occupy Indo-China • US leads a world wide oil embargo and sent aid to the Chinese (flying tigers) • Pearl Harbor December 7th 1941

  3. Hitler’s Conquests in Europe • Blitzkrieg (Panzer divisions of 300 Tiger tanks) • Infantry and air support • April 1940 he attacked Denmark and Norway • Then the Netherlands (2 days) and Belgium (2 weeks) • Hitler avoided the Maginot Line by invading France through Luxembourg (Ardennes Forrest) and through Belgium • The Miracle of Dunkirk: 340,000 saved, all equipment was lost (DeGaulle and the Free French army) • Operation Dynamo (200 ships lost in operation) • Germans reach Paris on June 14th 1940 and set up the Vichy government under Henri Petain

  4. http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/interactive/animations/wwtwo_map_fall_france/index_embed.shtmlhttp://www.bbc.co.uk/history/interactive/animations/wwtwo_map_fall_france/index_embed.shtml

  5. Basic BlitzkriegBattle Sequence

  6. The Battle of Britain • From August of 1940 until March of 1941 Hitler bombed England to soften them up for invasion (15,000 killed in London in 2 months) • British respond by bombing Berlin and caused the Luftwaffe to shift focus to London • Hitler shifts focus to London (allows British industry to produce) • RAF used radar and US help to fight off the attacks • Churchill took power in May of 1940 (good relationship with FDR and the US) • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LsKDGM5KTBY

  7. THE BATTLE OF THE ATLANTIC • WHEN? 1942-43 • WHERE? N. ATLANTIC SEA LANES • WHO? • GERMAN U-BOAT FORCE (WOLFPACKS) • U.S. / BRITISH NAVIES & MERCHANT SHIPS • Atlantic Charter December of 1941 (protect ships from US to Iceland) • WHAT? • GERMANS ATTEMPT TO CUT OFF FLOW OF SUPPLIES FROM U.S. TO BRITIAN • ATTACKS START CLOSE TO U.S. SHORE • COMBAT EVENTAULLY MOVES FURTHER INTO THE ATLANTIC • U.S. USES SONAR & RADAR TO HINDER GERMANS • RESULTS? • BY MID-1943, ALLIES HAVE WON CONTROL OF THE ATLANTIC

  8. WW II GERMAN U-BOAT

  9. OPERATION BARBAROSSA

  10. THE EASTERN FRONT • June 22, 1941: • Operation Barbarossa / Germany invades Russia • Why? • Lebensraum: Definition – Living Space for Germans • Nazi Racial Theories • Slavic (Russians, Poles, etc.) considered inferior to Germans • Russia’s Jews needed to be eliminated • Wanted to force GB to sign a treaty by eliminating an important potential ally • Resources: • Land • Food • Oil • Communist “threat” / desire to destroy “Bolshevism” • Hitler’s mistrust of Stalin

  11. STALINGRAD • When? October 1942 February of 1943 • Where? Stalingrad (Southern Russia) • Why? • German attempt to capture / occupy oil fields in S. Russia • Then Germans can control important Volga River supply route • What happens? • Aug.-Oct.: German 6th Army seizes Stalingrad • Oct.-Nov.: Russians surround / cut off Germans • Nov.-Feb.: German Army starved / casualties high • Feb: German 6th Army surrenders 91,000 prisoners • ***Russian casualties (military & civilian): 1,250,000 (more than US in the entire war) • STALINGRAD: Turning point in the East

  12. THE NORTH AFRICAN & ITALIAN CAMPAIGN • WHEN? Nov.’42-1944 (Operation Torch) • U.S. FORCES: GEORGE PATTON) • BRITISH: BERNARD MONTGOMERY • GERMAN AFRIKA KORPS:ERWIN ROMMEL • ***ROMMEL: “THE DESERT FOX” • WHY IMPORTANT? • CONTROL OF MEDITERRANEAN SEA • ALLIES THOUGHT IT WAS “SOFT UNDERBELLY” OF EUROPE • BATTLE OF EL ALAMEIN: • TURNING POINT IN NORTH AFRICA • BRITISH VICTORY • RESULTS? • ALLIES FORCE AXIS TO USE UP VALUABLE RESOURCES • MUSSOLINI LOSES POWER IN ITALY ; LATER KILLED • ALLIES CONTROL MEDITERRANEAN

  13. Sir Bernard Law Montgomery George Patton

  14. Erwin Rommel Panzer III

  15. Italy Surrenders • July 1943 allies invaded Sicily to open a second front in Europe • Mussolini had been deposed and arrested in the Spring of 1943 • Italians surrender to British and US not USSR • Germans divert troops to bail out Italy, rescue Mussolini and restore him as the leader in German controlled N. Italy • April 1945 Mussolini executed attempting to flee Italy

  16. The End of the War in Europe • D-Day invasion June 6th 1944 (2 million men in 100 days) • Led by Dwight Eisenhower overall commander allied forces Europe • Last German offensive was the Battle of the Bulge December 1944 • March 1945 allies cross the Rhine River • April 30th Hitler commits suicide • May 8th V-E Day

  17. OPERATION OVERLORD

  18. V-2 ROCKET LAUNCH SITES

  19. War in the Pacific • December 7th 1941 Pearl Harbor US declares war on Japan • Japan scores early victories until the Battle of Coral Sea (1st Naval battle where ships did not see each other) • Turning point was Battle of Midway June 6th 1942 • US destroyed 4 Japanese Carriers (Chester Nimitz) • Island Hopping • Douglas MacArthur and the Philippines • Harry Truman (The Manhattan Project) • Iwo Jima • Hiroshima and Nagasaki (Aug 1945) • V-J Day Aug 15th 1945

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