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Light Microscopy. Bright Field. Phase-Contrast. Differential Interference Contrast (DIC). Fluorescence. Electron Microscopy (EM). Scanning EM. Transmission EM. Chemical Composition of Cells. Pg. 58. Pg. 79. Chemical Bond Energies. Gene Expression. Monomer/Polymer.
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Light Microscopy Bright Field Phase-Contrast Differential Interference Contrast (DIC) Fluorescence
Electron Microscopy (EM) Scanning EM Transmission EM
5’ 3’ 5’ 3’
0.34 nm Major Groove Minor Groove Pg. 171
Supercoiled DNA Non-supercoiled DNA (relaxed)
Werner Syndrome 15 yrs. 48 yrs. Mutation in gene encoding RecQ helicase
5’ 3’ 5’ 3’
Human Karyotype Pg. 179
RNA Molecules 5’ 5’ 3’ 3’
Amino Acid Side Chains (Pgs. 74-75)
alpha-helix ß-Sheet
Representations of Protein Tertiary Structure Wire Frame Backbone Space Filling Ribbon Pg. 132
Quaternary Structure Pg. 141
Comparison of Protein Primary Structure Cyclin-dependent Kinase Proteins
Gene Expression Pg. 230
RNA Synthesis OH OH OH Pg. 202
1 µm Pg. 233
Alternative Splicing Pg. 241
5’ Guanine Cap Structure Pg. 237
Cytosol Nucleus Mitochondria Secreted ER Golgi Endosome Lysosome Transmembrane