Kingdom of Cambodia

1. Kingdom of Cambodia

2. Course Outline • General Information • History of Cambodia • Geography • Climate • Culture • People • Language • Tourism

3. The King of Cambodia His Majesty King Nododom Sihamoni is the son of His Majesty Norodom Sihanouk former King of Cambodia and of Her Majesty Queen Norodom Monineath Sihanouk of Cambodia.

4. General Information • The capital: Phnom Penh. • Territory: Northern to Laos and Thailand. South to the Gulf of Thailand. East adjacent to Vietnam. West to the sea and the Gulf of Thailand. • Flags: Flag is used before 18 March 2513 with a blue bar - red - blue horizontal the third measure is a castle city on the middle white band on the red serpent king, music, national anthem Nokoreach song

5. General Information • The Nationality: Cambodian • Time zone : UTC +7 • Drives on the : Right • Calling Code : 855 • Currency Bank: The Cambodia visitor have spent USD and Riel • Central Bank : National Bank of Cambodia

6. Flags of Cambodia

7. Currency and Banking • Cambodia dollar from 50 100 200 500 1000 2000 5000 10,000 50,000 to 100,000 .Riels currency exchange rates Riels is 4000 Riels per 1USD 100 real=1bath . Currency is can be redeemed at the market as major. But banks are closed on Saturday Sunday and Public holiday.

8. History of Cambodia • Cambodia is a South East Asian Country and that as Phnom Penhas its capital city. The states of Funan and Chenla were previously assumedby the historians to be closely related to the countries of China and India • The Khmer Empire rose in to power and thrived during the period from 9th century to13th century. After the fall of the states. History of Cambodia that the center power in the Angkor and China of capitals were built here among with temples. But during 1432 the capital was shifted to Lovek. • Cambodia, to protect King Norodom in the year of 1863 asked for protection of France. Cambodia became and continued as the protectorate of France from the years of 1863 to 1953.

9. History of Cambodia • A French colony developed in this country. But on the November 9, 1953, Cambodia attained its independence and came under the constitutional monarchy of King Norodom Sihanouk. • After all these violence meted out to the nation and its people in the 1970s and the 1980s the renovation process again started to bring back the political stability to Cambodia. Cambodia has been helped economically by various developed countries like France, Australia Japan, Canada, and the United States. • In the years of 1975, the Khmer Rouge again rose to power and reached Phnom Penh and changed the name of the country Cambodia to the Democratic Kampuchea.

10. Geography of Cambodia • Location :Southeastern Asia, bordering the Gulf of Thailand, between Thailand, Vietnam, and Laos • Area: total: 181,040 sq km land: 176,520 sq km water: 4,520 sq km .Land boundaries: total: 2,572 km border countries:Laos 541 km, Thailand 803 km,Vietnam 1,228 km . Natural resources:oil and gas, timber, gemstones, some iron ore, manganese, phosphates, hydropower potential

11. Map of Cambodia

12. Administrative Districts It provide into 24 districts • Banteay Meanchey • Battambang • Kampong Cham • Kampong Chhnang • Kampong Speu • Kampong Thom • Kompot • Kandal • Koh Kon • Kep • Kratie • Mondulkiri

13. Administrative Districts • OddarMeancheay • Pailin • Phnom Phenh • Sihanoukville • Prah Vihear • Parsat • Prey Veng • Ratanakiri • Siem Reap • Stung Treng • Svay Rieng • Takeo

14. Climate in Cambodia • Climate in Cambodia differs in two different seasons. • The rainy season starts from May and ends at October. You can see the temperatures rising equal to 40 °Celsius around April. It comes generally with high humidity. • The dry season starts from the month of November and ends in the month of April when temperatures directly comes down to 22 °Celsius. Therefore, keeping in mind about the Climate in Cambodia, you must visit Cambodia from November to January.

15. Culturein Cambodia • The culture of Cambodia has had a rich and varied history dating back many centuries, and has been heavily influenced by India and China. • Throughout Cambodia's long history, a major source of inspiration was from religion. • Throughout nearly two millennium, Cambodians developed a unique Khmer belief from the syncreticism of indigenous animisticbeliefs and the Indian religions of Buddhism and Hinduism. • Indian culture and civilization, including its language and arts reached mainland Southeast Asia around the 1st century.

16. Visual arts of Cambodia • ศิลปะถาลาปริวัต (Thala Bariwatt) • ศิลปะพนมดา (Phnom Da) • ศิลปะสมโบร์ไพรกุก (Sambor Prei Kuk) • ศิลปะไพรกเมง (Prei Kmeng) • ศิลปะกำปงพระ (Kompong Preah) • ศิลปะกุเลน (Kulen • ศิลปะพระโค (Preah Kō) • ศิลปะบาแค็ง (Bakheng) • ศิลปะเกาะแกร์ (Koh Ker) • ศิลปะบันทายศรี (Banteay Srey) • ศิลปะบาปวน (Bapuan) • ศิลปะนครวัด (Angkor Wat) • ศิลปะบายน (Bayon )

17. Greetings • Offer a traditional greeting with hands in front of face, palms together, in prayer-like fashion. • Men can shake hands with men. • Men should not shake hands with Khmer women unless they offer their hand. • Men should not hug, kiss, or touch the body of a Khmer woman while greeting her. (She will lose respect and feel embarrassed.) • Men should not look women directly in the eye. (They may become confused, feel uncomfortable, nervous, shy, and not respected.) • Men should not give "strong" visual attention to other men.

18. Dress in Cambodia • Both men and women often wear cotton or silk sarongs, especially at home. Men who can afford it usually prefer to wear silk sarongs. Most urban Khmer men dress in trousers and these days most urban women dress in western-style clothing. • On formal occasions such as religious festivals and family celebrations, women often wear a hoi (a type of shirt) during the days. At night they change into single-color silk dresses.

19. Cambodian or Khmer Music • This kind of music is used to accompany dance, theatre, wedding and other ceremonies. • There are 4 to 6 % of children attend these courses and they start learning all the traditional Khmer instruments, and choose one they prefer to form the group.

20. Khmer Dance • Khmer classical dance derived from Indian court dance • This traces its origins to the apsara of Hindu mythology, heavenly female nymphs who were born to dance for the gods the traditions of Thailand and Java in Indonesia also influenced the music and dance of Cambodia • At the heart of classical form is the Apsara, the joyful, almost wanton dancer whose images are everywhere. Princess Buppha Devil, who currently serves as the Minister of Culture, is a master of Apsara dancing, which dates to the 1st century

21. Population in Cambodia • The total population of Cambodia was 9.5 millions ( 1994 ). • There are 54% female and 46% male. • They have a life expectancy at birth of 51 years. • The crude birth rate is 33 per thousand and the infant mortality rate of 111 per thousand live birth. • The population growth rate is 2.5% per annum in 1994ใ • Ethnic groups: Khmer 90%, Vietnamese 5%, Chinese 1%, other 4%

22. Education in Cambodia • Education in Cambodia was traditionally offered by the wats (Buddhist temples), thus providing education exclusively for the male population. • The 1917 Law on Education passed by the French colonial government introduced a basic primary and secondary education system modeled loosely on that of France. • However, that new system was fundamentally elitist, reaching only a very small per cent of the indigenous population and functioning mainly as a means of training civil servants for colonial service throughout French Indochina.

23. Cambodian language • The Cambodian language is Khmer, which is inherited itself - and advanced in education with application of Indic languages Pail and Sanskrit from India. • Also, the Khmer language is influenced by spoken and written Thai. Some technical languages are borrowed from French. • However, English is commonly communicated in hotels and business compounds at present days.

24. Learn Khmer Language • Hello jum-reap soo-a • How are you? tau neak sok sapbaiy teh? • Good morning arun sour sdei • Good night tiveah sour sdei

25. Royal Government of Cambodia Domestic Policiesof Cambodia . The policies main gole of the Royal Government is to ensure peace stability and national unity . Policies in order to create a political stability conducive to the economic and social development Samdech HUN SENPrime Minister of Cambodia

26. Politics in Cambodia • Until the 1970s, which a coup ended, a monarchy had ruled Cambodia since ancient times.  In 1975 when the Khmer Rouge took over Cambodia, the country was renamed Democratic Kampochea (DK). The Khmer Rouge is also responsible for starting a war with Vietnam in 1977. • The Khmer Rouge was overthrown in 1979 by a group of Cambodian Communist Rebels, backed by 100,000 Vietnamese troops, who again changed the country's name.  This time when they renamed it to the People's Republic of Kampochea (PRK), not many foreign governments recognized the government, thus allowing the DK to keep its place in the United Nations.

27. Politics in Cambodia • This time when they renamed it to the People's Republic of Kampochea (PRK), not many foreign governments recognized the government, thus allowing the DK to keep its place in the United Nations. • During the 1980s Vietnam had troops stationed in Cambodia and during this period the only legal political party was the Kampochean People's Revolutionary Party (KPRP) and ran the PRK under socialist guidelines.

28. Politics in Cambodia • When Vietnam withdrew in 1989, Cambodia's name changed to the State of Cambodia and they changed from socialism to free-market. • BY Two prime ministers headed the government; Prince Norodom Ranariddh of FUNCINPEC was the first prime minister with Hun Sen of the being the second prime minister. • In September of 1993, a constitution was written up that restored the monarchy and established the Kingdom of Cambodia.

29. Festival in Cambodia New Year Festival • Cambodian New Year takes place from April 13th -15th, during the dry season when farmers do not work in the fields. Astrologers determine the exact time and date by calculating the exact moment the new animal protector arrives. • Cambodians spend the entire month of April in preparation for the celebration, cleaning and decorating their house with candles, lights, star shaped lanterns and flowers. During the first three days, everyone travels to the pagodas to offer food to the monks.

30. Festival in Cambodia Water Festival • Water Festival Another very colorful festival is the Water Festival or the Festival of the Reversing Current. • It takes place in late October or early November and marks the reversal of the Tonle Sap River so that it once again flows south from the Tonle Sap Lake into the Mekong River. • The highlight of the three-day festival is the boat races that are held in Phnom Penh. Individual villages build their own boats by hollowing out a log to make a dugout canoe that is rowed by as many as forty people! • The prow and the stern of the canoe turn upward and the prow is painted with an eye, just like the war vessels on the wall of the temples at Angkor Thom.

31. Festival in Cambodia Pchum Ben Festival • Pchum Ben is a religious ceremony in September when everyone remember the spirit of dead relatives. • For fifteen day people in Cambodia villages take turns bringing food to the temple or Pagodas. • On the fifteenth and final day everyone dresses in their finest clothing to travel together to pagodas .Families bring overflowing baskets of flowers and children offer food and present to the monk. • Everyone says prayers to help their ancestors pass on to a better life according to Khmer beliefs those who do not follow the practice of Pchum Ben are cursed by their angry and castors.

32. Festival in Cambodia Birthday Festival • Birthday’s Cambodian children do not Celebrate their birthday and it is not a Special day for them. Often their parent just remember what season they were bron in but not the exact day so they don’t know for sure. • However all Cambodian know which year they were born and what it means in born and what it means in the Chinese animal calendars Do you know which year were you born in and which characteristics.

33. Festival in Cambodia • Weddings are the most important social events in the lives of young people. Men usually get married between the ages of nineteen and twenty-four and women between the ages of sixteen and twenty-two. • Most families want their children to be married by the age of twenty-five, otherwise other people might wonder why the family is unable to find people willing to marry their children!! There are traditional ways in which a family should decide if a partner is suitable or not.

34. Cambodian Food Traditional Khmer Food • Samlor Kako: is one of Cambodian national dishes. It uses an incredible range of ingredients to achieve its complex range of flavors, including the famous prahok • Khmer SourSoup A bowl of fresh Khmer sour soup helps the body feels refreshed and clean, leaving just enough room for dessert. • Khmer Sour soup is among the most popular Khmer foods.

35. Cambodian Food • Desserts are made from either fruit or rice • Cambodian love to eat very sweet dessert • Cambodian like to drink it with very sweet Condensed milk • Cambodian also like coffee which was Introduced by the French. • Ice cream is popular in the city. But in the Countryside there is no way of keeping it cold

36. Cambodia Transportation • Local buses:Public transport is not the best way to move around in Cambodia. • Motorbikes:One of the best ways to move around in Cambodia is by motorbike. • Pick ups :The best way is to take a motorbike as soon as you pass the border. Tell the driver you are going to Siem Reap and want a pick up or a Camry (taxi). • The boat through Tonle Sap:The fastest overland way from Siem Reap to Phnom Penh. It takes 5 hours and costs 22 USD. There is one daily in both directions

37. Airport in Cambodia Phnom Penh International Airport • There are also flight fromSingapor, Kuala Lumper, Hong Kong,Ho Chi Mine city and Vientiane • International Airport Departure Tax Us$20 at Phnom Penh and Us$8 at Siem Reap • Domestic Airport Departure Tax form Us$4 to Us$10 depending on Airport.

38. Airport in Cambodia Siem Reap Airport • General Information: the airport is 2 miles/4 km West of Angkor Wat. • International Airport Departure Tax: US$20 at Phnom Penh, US$8 at Siem Reap • Domestic Airport Departure Tax: From US$4 to US$10 depending on airport

39. Cambodia tourist attractions

40. .Angkor Wat - One of the top 7 'Wonders of the World' for travelers | UNESCO Cambodian temples Angkor Wat • Angkor wat is the largest religious structure ever built. This Cambodian temple is surrounded by a moat 190m wide and 5.5km in length beyond which is a high laterite wall. • through the main gatehouse one is struck by the full scale and majesty of the central temple complex at the end of a 350m long causeway. • The concentric galleries are faced with bas relief stonework of such quality that after a thousand years in the jungle one can not so much as slip a credit card in the joints between the blocks. These galleries over 800m in length tell the histories and mythologies of the Angkor world. Surely one of the highlights of your Southeast Asia travels.

41. Angkor Thom and Bayon • Angkor Thom was the political capital of the King Jayavarman VII, greatest of the Angkor builders. • Bayon is dominated by the 200 enormous stone faces of King Jayavarman VII on the 54 towers. The bas-relief carvings of Bayon provide a unique insight into everyday Angkor period life.

42. Ta Prohm • Probably the most photogenic of the temples; dominated by giant fig trees growing on the structure; Ta prohm provided the film set for the tomb-raider movies • The temple is large and was supported by 3,140 villages and 79,365 people. 18 high priests oversaw the ceremonies with 2,740 officials, 2,202 assistants and 615 royal dancers • Impressive as the scale of the operation must have been at the time the temple now is simply a great place to explore and wonder at the interplay of architecture and nature

43. How you get there? • Overland from Thailand:To reach Siem Reap (Angkor) from Thailand there is no direct bus. • You have to take a regular bus from Morchit station in Bangkok to Aranyaprathet (164 baths, 4 hours). • There you must take a moto or tuktuk to the Cambodian border (6 kms, 50 Baths). • Then you pass the customs and enter Cambodia, get the Visa there (20 USD) • By plane

44. Airline

45. Assignment • Provide your knowledge of Cambodia. Write an essay at least 200 words. • Do the itinerary 3 days 2 nights or 4 days 3 nights in Cambodia? (start from BKK)

46. Reference http://geography.about.com/library/cia/blccambodia.htm http://www.asiarooms.com/travel-guide/cambodia-tourist-attractions/index.html http://cambodia.tourism-asia.net/cambodia-information.html http://cambodia.tourism-asia.net/cambodia-tourism.html http://cambodia.tourism-asia.net/wonders-of-cambodia.html