Population

1. Population http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sc4HxPxNrZ0&feature=related

3. Population density is the measure of the number per unit area. It is commonly represented as people per square mile. which is derived simply by dividing... total area population / land area in square miles

4. Kolkata, India

5. Rajasthan, India

6. Overpopulation is when there are too many people relative to available resources. Simple density is not the determinant.

8. World and Country Population Totals Distribution and Structure: 3/4 of people live on 5% of earth's surface! Total: 7,059,735,689 as of now. Five most populous regions and countries REGION POPULATION COUNTRY POPULATION • East Asia 1.6 billion China 1.3 billion • South Asia 1.5 billion India 1.1 billion • Europe 1 billion U.S. 300 million • SE Asia 600 million Indonesia 250 million • Canada 27.5 million Brazil 188 million

9. Human Population Growth How many people will the planet eventually support? The U.S. Census Bureau and the United Nations Statistics Division both agree that world population will level off somewhere between 9 and 11 billion people and then start to fall.

11. Rates of Natural Increase

12. Doubling Time • How long will it take for a population of a given area to double in size? • • Doubling time assumes the population will grow at a given annual rate • • Approximated by dividing the annual rate of population increase into 70 World = 50 U.S. = 35 MDC = 550 LDC = 40 Honduras = 22 Denmark = 700 Russia = never? Source: National Geographic Magazine • Example: Bangladesh • 70 / R.N.I. => 70/2.09 = 33.5 years • Bangladesh with a population of 144.3 million people in 2005 will have approximately 288.6 • million people in 2038, if the population continues to grow at current rates.

13. Total Fertility Rate 2006

14. Total Fertility Rate 1950

15. Infant Mortality Rate – the number of deaths of children under the age of one per thousand live births. The rate ranges from as low as 3 (Singapore, Iceland) to as much as 150 (Sierra Leone, Afghanistan). The U.S. rate is just over 6. High infant mortality tends to result in higher fertility rates as families seek “insurance” for the loss of children.

16. World Death Rates • Epidemiological Transition is the shift from infectious to degenerative diseases that occurs with development. • Infectious diseases (developing world) • HIV/AIDS • SARS • Malaria • Cholera • Degenerative diseases (developed countries) • Obesity • Tobacco use

17. Life Expectancy • Rapid increase throughout world • Infant mortality rate declining in most countries • Antibiotics/immunization • Increasing standards of living

18. Life Expectancy

23. Demographic Transition Model - was highly predictive for most countries

24. Demographic Transition Model • Stage one (preindustrial/pre-agricultural) • Crude birth/death rate high • Fragile, but stable, population • Stage two (improved agriculture and medicine) • Lower death rates • Infant mortality rate falls • Natural increase very high • Stage three (attitudes change) • Indicative of richer developed countries • Higher standards of living/education • Crude birth rate finally falls • Stage four • Crude birth/death rates low • Population stable • Populations aging

25. Population pyramids are used to show information about the age and gender of people in a specific country. Male Female There is also a high Death Rate. In this country there is a high Birth Rate Population in millions This population pyramid is typical of countries in poorer parts of the world (LEDCs.)

26. In some LEDCs the government is encouraging couples to have smaller families. This means the birth rate has fallen.

27. Male Female In this country the number of people in each age group is about the same. Population in millions The largest category of people were born about 40 years ago. In this country there is a low Birth Rate and a low Death Rate. This population pyramid is typical of countries in the richer parts of the world (MEDCs.)

28. Male Female Population in millions In the future the elderly people will make up the largest section of the population in this country. In this country the birth rate is decreasing. This is happening more and more in many of the world’s richer countries.

29. Male Female Population in thousands This country has a large number of temporary workers. These are people who migrate here especially to find a job.

30. Population pyramid for Mozambique. What type of countries are represented here? Population pyramid for Iceland.

31. What happens next?

33. What is going to happen to Japan’s population in the future? Why does this matter?

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38. Population and Resource Consumption

39. Technology, Energy Consumption, and Environmental Impact • There has been a dramatic increase in: • individual energy use over time: 3,000 kcal/person - 300,000 kcal/person • the power of technology to change the environment: think stone axe versus bulldozer versus atomic bomb. • The scope and severity of environmental impacts.

40. Demographics characteristics of human populations and population segments

41. MOVEMENT

42. WHY DO WE MOVE? PUSH FACTORS (things that would push us to leave the area) Cost of living – a house in Cali costs $450,000 Weather and Climate- Texas in August Environmental Catastrophes – tsunami, earthquakes, hurricanes Personal Safety – WAR, plague, famine Emigration/Emigrant

43. PULL FACTORS (things that would pull us want to an area) availability of jobs religious or political freedom Safety Immigration/Immigrant

44. Where do we move to? Rural

45. Mexico City Pop. 18,836,045 Urban 8th largest city in the World

46. The End