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CP methodology adapted to Basel Convention

A pplying C LEANER PRODUCTION to M ULTILATERAL E NVIRONMENTAL AGREEMENTS. ACME. CP methodology adapted to Basel Convention. S ESSION 9.B. United Nations Environment Program Division of Technology Industry and Economy. Swedish International Development Agency.

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CP methodology adapted to Basel Convention

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  1. ApplyingCLEANER PRODUCTION to MULTILATERAL ENVIRONMENTAL AGREEMENTS ACME CP methodology adapted to Basel Convention SESSION9.B United Nations Environment ProgramDivision of Technology Industry and Economy Swedish International Development Agency

  2. ACME - Session 9.B - CP methodology adapted to Basel Convention - 2 / 32 INTRODUCTION CP approach to Basel Convention The “CP Methodology” has been adapted to the Basel Convention with focus on identifying opportunities to minimize the use and/or discharge/ emission of hazardous/toxic substances in industries.

  3. ACME - Session 9.B - CP methodology adapted to Basel Convention - 3 / 32 METHODOLOGY Focus on hazardous and toxics wastes • CP methodology is tailored to focus on materialistic wastes including hazardous / toxic wastes from a industry. • The methodology explains: • What should be done in theory. • How it is done in practice.

  4. ACME - Session 9.B - CP methodology adapted to Basel Convention - 4 / 32 METHODOLOGY Methodology based on 3 elements • 1/ The Cleaner Production (CP) strategy: • - prevention of waste; • - systematic approach; • - integrated into business processes; • - aimed at continuous improvement. • 2/ Several existing CP audit methodologies. • 3/ Real practice experience from CP assessments carried out in the past.

  5. ACME - Session 9.B - CP methodology adapted to Basel Convention - 5 / 32 METHODOLOGY How to use it? Companies can avoid/minimise the generation of the hazardous/toxic wastes through the same 6-step Cleaner Production approach with little adaptation Under each step there are several tasks. Each task describes what a company should do to avoid/minimise the generation of the hazardous/toxic wastes.

  6. ACME - Session 9.B - CP methodology adapted to Basel Convention - 6 / 32 METHODOLOGY CP methodology adapted to Basel 1a - Meeting with top management 1b - Form a Team and inform staff 1c - Pre-assessment to collect general information 1d - Select focus areas 1e - Prepare assessment proposal for top management approval STEP 1 Planning and Organization 2a - Staff meeting and training 2b- Prepare focus area flow charts 2c - Walkthrough of focus areas 2d - Quantify inputs and outputs and costs to establish a baselines 2e - Quantify losses through a material and energy balance STEP 2 Assessment 3a - Cause analysis 3b - Identify possible options 3c - Screen options for feasibility analysis STEP 3 IdentificationofOptions 4a - Technical, economic and environmental evaluation of options 4b - Rank feasible options for implementation 4c - Prepare implementation and monitoring proposal for top management approval STEP 4 FeasibilityAnalysisofOptions STEP 5 Implementation and Monitoring 5a - Implement options and monitor results 6a - Prepare proposal to continue with hazardous/toxic waste reduction for management approval. STEP 6 ContinuousImprovement

  7. ACME - Session 9.B - CP methodology adapted to Basel Convention - 7 / 32 STEP 1 Planning and Organization • Purpose of step 1: • - To obtain top management commitment • - Plan and organize the detailed study • Without an approved plan, there is no commitment! • Output of step 1: • A written proposal with selected steps and tasks to avoid/minimise the generation of the hazardous / toxic wastes, approved by top management.

  8. ACME - Session 9.B - CP methodology adapted to Basel Convention - 8 / 32 STEP 1A Meeting with top management • If you are top management • Purpose of this first meeting is to get the commitment of company middle managers, staff and/or external facilitators to carry out a pre-assessment and write a proposal for a detailed assessment. • If you are a company middle manager or external facilitator • Purpose of this first meeting is to get top management’s approval for a pre-assessment and writing of a proposal for a detailed assessment.

  9. ACME - Session 9.B - CP methodology adapted to Basel Convention - 9 / 32 STEP 1B Form a team and inform staff • A Team of 4 - 6 people should be formed with: • Person who knows the major raw materials used and environmental impacts of the same. e.g. Environment Manager or Chief Laboratory Analyst • Person who knows the production process.e.g. the Head of Production • Person with access to general company information and material cost data.e.g. the company’s Accountant or Finance Manager • A communications or training person. • A top management representative who normally is not part of the Team’s day-to-day work.

  10. ACME - Session 9.B - CP methodology adapted to Basel Convention – 10 / 32 STEP 1C Pre-assessment to collect information • The mainpurpose of the pre-assessment at company levelis tocollect and review general information: • to identify the major raw material used and their characteristics, the majors outputs (wastes and emissions) and their characteristics; • to identify potential area of waste minimization; • to write a realistic proposal to top management. • Information collectedshould include: • - General company details, organization chart with the different departments and main functions; • - General production flow chart for the whole company with the main inputs and outputs for each production step; • - Production data for the past 3 years; • - Energy and other resource consumption data and costs for the past 3 years; • - An inventory of major equipment; • - Overview of information collected for each process step / for each department; • - Hazardous/toxic material used and emitted/discharged.

  11. ACME - Session 9.B - CP methodology adapted to Basel Convention - 11 / 32 STEP 1D Select focus areas • A focus area can be: • - The entire plant. • - A department, production line, or process step, such as the chemical pulping or the filtration. • - Specific equipment or raw material, such as chemical reactor, filter press, hazardous chemicals, etc.

  12. ACME - Session 9.B - CP methodology adapted to Basel Convention - 12 / 32 STEP 1E Prepare assessmentproposal • Assessmentproposal for top management approval: • It is important to obtain top management commitment because an energy assessment costs money and staff time and can interrupt the production process. • This proposal can be prepared within the company or by an external facilitator who has been involved in tasks 1a to 1d. • The assessment proposal should include:Objectives, Scope (i.e. focus area), Outputs, Approach, Methodology, Team, Time planning , Budget.

  13. ACME - Session 9.B - CP methodology adapted to Basel Convention - 13 / 32 STEP 2 Assessment • Purpose of step 2: • To assess hazardous/toxic material used and/or discharged / emitted for the focus area(s). • Output of step 1: • An overview of the quantity of hazardous / toxic material used and/or discharged / emitted; • Estimate of costs required for the assessment for the focus area(s). • Then it becomes easier to identify options to avoid/minimise the use and/or discharge/emission of the hazardous/toxic materials in step 3!

  14. ACME - Session 9.B - CP methodology adapted to Basel Convention - 14 / 32 STEP 2A Staff meeting and training • Organizing staff meeting and training before commencing the Assessment: • - to inform staff about the assessment (particularly from focus area but preferably everyone from top management to production staff throughout the plant); • - to inform their roles to get their support.

  15. ACME - Session 9.B - CP methodology adapted to Basel Convention - 15 / 32 STEP 2B Prepare focus area flow charts • Preparation of flow chart for each of the selected focus areas: • - List the different steps of the focus area; • - List the most important inputs (resources) for each step; • - List the most important outputs for each step; • - List the intermediate and final products between the steps.

  16. ACME - Session 9.B - CP methodology adapted to Basel Convention - 16 / 32 STEP 2C Walkthrough of focus areas • Conduction of detailed walkthrough of the focus areas, usually starting at the first step of the process flow chart and finishing at the last step. • The purpose of the walkthrough is to: • - Better understand the focus area; • - Get feedback from production staff about problems… • - Write down any visible losses of energy and materials; • - Obtain information about quantities and costs for the inputs and outputs of each focus area step.

  17. ACME - Session 9.B - CP methodology adapted to Basel Convention - 17 / 32 STEP 2D Establishing a baseline • Establishingbaseline by quantifying inputs and outputsconsisting of: • - Quantities (e.g. tons of raw materials per day) • - Costs (e.g. $ per ton of raw materials) • - Other characteristics (e.g. moisture content, temperature and pressure of the process, etc.)

  18. ACME - Session 9.B - CP methodology adapted to Basel Convention - 18 / 32 STEP 2E Quantify losses • Quantification of losses through material and energy balance • Whatever goes into a process must come out somewhere else. • Based on the process flow chart and quantified inputs and outputs prepared in the previous tasks, “balance” the inputs and outputs.

  19. ACME - Session 9.B - CP methodology adapted to Basel Convention - 19 / 32 STEP 3 Identification of Options • Purpose of step 3: • To identify opportunities to avoid/minimize the losses and improve energy efficiency for the selected focus areas. • Output of step 3: • List of options that will be investigated on their feasibility in step 4.

  20. ACME - Session 9.B - CP methodology adapted to Basel Convention - 20 / 32 STEP 3A Determine causes of losses • Once losses have been identified, it is important to Identify the ‘cause’. • The best way to analyze the causes is: • by answering the questions: Why are these losses occurring?Why is this material hazardous/toxic? • through a brainstorm session with the Team and other staff from the focus areas.

  21. ACME - Session 9.B - CP methodology adapted to Basel Convention - 21 / 32 STEP 3B Identify possible options • Identification of Possible options: • Through brainstorm session with the Team and other staff from the focus areas. • Options can fall in the following categories: • - Good housekeeping • - Improved process management • - Production process / equipment modification • - New technology / equipment • - Input material substitution • - On-site reuse / recovery • - Production of useful by-product. • - Product modification

  22. ACME - Session 9.B - CP methodology adapted to Basel Convention - 22 / 32 STEP 3C Screen options for feasibility analysis • The easiest way of screening is by categorising the options as follows: • - Options that can be implemented directly; • - Options that require further analysis; • - Options that can be considered at a later stage.

  23. ACME - Session 9.B - CP methodology adapted to Basel Convention - 23 / 32 STEP 4 Feasibility Analysis of Options • Purpose of step 4: • - to determine which options are technically, financially and environmentally feasible; • - in what order they should be implemented. • Output of step 4 : • a proposal that is approved by top management, with recommended options for implementation; • procedure to do this; • a list of options that require further investigation or which are not feasible.

  24. ACME - Session 9.B - CP methodology adapted to Basel Convention - 24 / 32 STEP 4A Evaluation of options • Techno - economic and environmental evaluation of options • Team should : • - Investigate which options are technically, economically and environmentally feasible. • - Identify other possible reasons for implementing the option. • - Think of possible barriers to implementing the option.

  25. ACME - Session 9.B - CP methodology adapted to Basel Convention - 25 / 32 STEP 4B Rank feasible options for implementation • Prioritizing options for Implementation: • Options to be implemented in the short terme.g. within one year • Options recommended for implementation but in the longer term • 3. Option recommended for further investigation, or to be considered at a later stage / non feasible options

  26. ACME - Session 9.B - CP methodology adapted to Basel Convention - 26 / 32 STEP 4C Implementation and monitoring proposal • Proposal for Implementation and Monitoring Plan to top management should include: • - An introduction • - Number of options identified • - Options investigated for feasibility • - Feasible options • - Options requiring further investigation • - Non feasible options

  27. ACME - Session 9.B - CP methodology adapted to Basel Convention - 27 / 32 STEP 4C Implementation and monitoring proposal • Options recommended for implementation in the short term: • - Total estimated investment required, annual ongoing costs, annual savings and payback period • Total estimated environmental benefits • Most important other reasons for implementation • - Most persistent and difficult barriers and proposed solutions • - Table with list of options Environmental management plan for the hazardous/ toxic substances which could not be eliminated from use and/or generation.

  28. ACME - Session 9.B - CP methodology adapted to Basel Convention - 28 / 32 STEP 5 Implementation and Monitoring • Purpose of step5: • to implement feasible options in order of priority; • monitor results of implemented options; • discuss findings with top management. • Output of step 5: • reduction in quantity of the use and/or discharge/emissions of the hazardous/toxic substances; • improved energy efficiency and reduced GHG emissions from implemented options; • agreement with top management about the next steps.

  29. ACME - Session 9.B - CP methodology adapted to Basel Convention - 29 / 32 STEP 5A Implement options and monitor results • The monitoring should include: • - Economic results. • - Environmental results. • - Other results (e.g. any other benefits from the option like improved legal compliance, reduced injuries etc. and barriers encountered if any).

  30. ACME - Session 9.B - CP methodology adapted to Basel Convention - 30 / 32 STEP 6 Continuous Improvement • Purpose of step 6: • To ensure that the company continues with improving the environment through a systematic way that is integrated in company processes. • Output of step 6 : • continuation of implementing the identified options; • integration of CP assessment into company processes.

  31. ACME - Session 9.B - CP methodology adapted to Basel Convention - 31 / 32 STEP 6A Prepare a proposal to continue • Preparation of proposal to continue the avoidance / minimization of the use and/or discharge / emission of harzardous / toxic substances • Assessment proposal: • - for the assessment of new selected focus areas; • feasibility analysis of the additional options selected for further investigation. • Implementation and monitoring proposal: • for additional options selected for implementation; • environmental improvement options.

  32. ACME - Session 9.B - CP methodology adapted to Basel Convention - 32 / 32 CONCLUSION End of session 9.B Thank you for your attention… Any questions?

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